高填方渠道溃堤洪水三维风险图研究  

Study on 3D Dike-Breach Flood Risk Map of High Fill Channel

作　　者：王晓玲[1] 孙小沛[1] 周正印[1] 敖雪菲[1] 孙蕊蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2015年第8期697-707,共11页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2013CB035906);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(51021004);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划资助项目(13JCYBJC19500)

摘　　要：目前的风险图绘制研究中,洪水淹没计算多基于一、二维数值模拟,洪灾风险分析较少考虑地形危险性,未能真实反映复杂下游区域洪水淹没情况及洪灾风险分布.因此,本文提出基于三维数值模拟和数据场耦合的高填方渠道溃堤洪水风险图分析方法.首先,建立耦合VOF法的SST k-ω三维溃堤洪水演进数学模型,该模型结合了k-ω和k-ε模型的优势,增加了交叉扩散项,考虑了剪切应力的输送过程,能更精细地模拟湍流过程;其次,基于三维溃堤洪水淹没计算,引入数据场模型,考虑区域地形与洪水各灾情信息的综合风险,绘制三维洪水风险图,并与二维洪水风险图相结合,实现洪灾风险分布的详细、直观表达.以某高填方渠道为例,阐述了风险图绘制方法,分析了溃堤洪水的风险分布特征.In current study on risk map,flood calculation is mostly based on 1D/2D（one/two-dimensional）numerical simulation and the terrain hazard is easily ignored in risk analysis,which can＇t reflect submerged condition and risk distribution of flood in the complex downstream area actually. Therefore,based on 3D numerical simulation and data field,the dike-breach flood risk mapping analysis method was proposed for high fill channel in this paper. Firstly, the 3D dike-breach flood routing mathematical model of SST（shear-stress transport）k-ω coupled with VOF（volume of fluid）method was established. This model can simulate the process of turbulent flow nicely,due to the advanta-geous combination ofk-ω andk-εmodels,the increase of cross diffusion and the consideration of transport process about shear stress. Secondly,based on 3D dike-breach flood calculation,2D and 3D flood risk map was made to realize the detailed and visual expression of flood risk distribution. In 3D flood risk map,the data field model was introduced to deal with the comprehensive risk of regional topography and flood disaster information. With a high fill channel as an example,the risk mapping method was expounded and the risk distribution character of dike-breach flood was analyzed.

关 键 词：高填方渠道 溃堤洪水三维演进 风险图 数据场模型 SSTk-ω湍流模型 VOF法 

分 类 号：P343[天文地球—水文科学]