3种畜禽粪便产气特性差异分析  

Gas-producing variance analysis of different animal manures

作　　者：陈芬[1] 李伟 刘奋武[1] 张吴平[1] 李筱梅[1] 卜玉山[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源与环境学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省环境规划院,太原030024

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第9期4540-4546,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：山西省"百人计划"引进人才项目;山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2013-重点7);山西省攻关项目(20130313007-3)

摘　　要：在实验室条件下,对鸡粪、猪粪和牛粪3种畜禽粪便进行了高温(55℃)厌氧发酵产气特性研究,分析了3种畜禽粪便的物质组成差异以及发酵过程中挥发性固体(VS)降解率、碳氮比(C/N)下降幅度和NH+4-N含量变化与累积产气量的关系。结果表明,累积产气量以牛粪最高,为5 481 m L,其次为猪粪,鸡粪最低,为3 692 m L;3种畜禽粪便发酵原料VS降解率及其粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量与其累积产气量呈负相关,而3种畜禽粪便碳水化合物和粗纤维含量及其发酵过程C/N下降幅度与其累积产气量呈正相关;厌氧发酵过程中,鸡粪发酵液NH+4-N含量显著高于猪粪和牛粪,后期高达2 348.33mg/L,鸡粪较猪粪和牛粪产气时间短,累积产气量少。可见,3种畜禽粪便自身的有机物质组成及接种物的物质组成差异是厌氧发酵累积产气量的重要影响因素。The gas production capacity of three animal manures,namely chicken,swine,and cattle under thermophilic anaerobic digestion（55℃） and its relationships with the nature of the substrates including carbohydrates,crude fiber,crude protein,and crude fat and their dynamic characteristics during the incubation（ VS degradation rate,C/N decline rate,and NH＋4-N content） were studied in a laboratory batch incubation system.The results showed that the cumulative methane production during the fermentation period followed the order：cattle manure（5 481 m L） swine manure（5 089 m L） chicken manure（3 692 m L）. The cumulative gas yield was negatively related to VS degradation rate and contents of crude protein and crude fat,while it was positively related to contents of carbohydrates and crude fiber and C/N decline rate. The content of NH＋4-N in chicken manure was significantly higher than those,in swine and cattle manures during the entire incubation period,reached as high as 2 348. 33 mg/L at the end. This explains the observations that the cumulative gas production was the lowest with chicken manure among the three manures tested. Both composition of animal manures and composition of inoculums are the important factors controlling the cumulative gas production under thermalphilic digestion condition.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 厌氧发酵 产气特性 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]