蒲氏钩蝠蛾幼虫血淋巴物质与其耐寒性  

Relationship between hemolymph composition and cold tolerance in Thitarodes pui larvae

作　　者：易杰群 张古忍[2] 郭晨林[1] 闵强[1] 邹志文[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学生命科学学院,南昌330031 [2]中山大学有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室,昆虫研究所,广州510275

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第18期6208-6215,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160081);国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAI13B06);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ13104);南昌市农业支撑计划第37(2010);南昌市对外科技合作与成果转化推广计划(2013HZCG010)

摘　　要：作为冬虫夏草寄主,蒲氏钩蝠蛾具重要的经济研究价值,主要分布于青藏高原色季拉山,具有较强的耐寒性,其耐寒性机理尚不明了。通过调查蒲氏钩蝠蛾生境土壤温度与血淋巴物质组成周年变化,以期探讨其耐寒性机理。实验结果表明:土壤温度呈规律性升降趋势,1、2月最低,8月逐步上升至最高,而后逐渐下降;血淋巴中主要物质按含量从高到低排列依次为:蛋白质(8.37—74.2 mg/m L)、总糖(12.65—36.12 mg/m L)、脂肪(7.7—12.32 mg/m L)以及甘油(1.66—3.91 mg/m L);在温度较高的夏季,蛋白质、总糖以及脂肪等物质含量处于较低水平,相反,在寒冷的冬季,此三者的含量均居较高水平;此3类能源物质含量与野外土壤温度均呈极显著的负相关关系,因而血淋巴总热量值在夏季较低而冬季较高,与野外土壤温度亦呈极显著负相关关系;与之相反的是,血淋巴中甘油含量的周年变化规律与野外土壤温度无明显的相关关系。因此,血淋巴中蛋白质、总糖以及脂肪等物质对于蒲氏钩蝠蛾耐寒性有着非常重要的作用,幼虫通过积累3类物质,增加血淋巴能量值,抵御青藏高原的高寒气候;可能由于生境的不同,甘油在蒲氏钩蝠蛾中的作用与其它昆虫有差异,在耐寒性提高中的功能尚需进一步研究。实验结果为了解蒲氏钩蝠蛾的强耐寒性以及适应高寒环境的生理生化机制提供理论依据。Temperature, particularly extreme cold, is a key stressor that limits the distribution and abundance of insects. In response, various cold adaptations have evolved among insects, such as the accumulations of proteins and lipids, as well as low-molecular- weight cryoprotectants. Thitarodes pui is important as the host of Ophiocordyceps sinensis （Berk.） （ G. H. Sung, J.M. Sung, Hywel-Jones and Spatafora） and has a limited distribution on Segrila Mountain in Nyingchi of the Tibetan Plateau. Low temperature is the main environmental stressor for T. pui, and although it is able to survive extreme cold, the mechanism is unclear. To determine the mechanism of cold adaptation, the composition of larvae hemolymph and soil temperature was investigated over 1 year （from April 2008 to March 2009） in T. pui habitats. Soil temperature exhibited a single curve, which peaked in August 2008 （ 11.31℃ ） and reached the lowest temperature in February 2009 （ -0.05℃ ）. The temperature of soil gradually increased from February to August and then decreased until the following February. To determine the factors involved in adaptation to low temperatures, the major components of hemolymph in T. pui larvae were isolated and classified as protein, total sugar, fat or glycerol. The correlation analysis between the components in hemolymph and soil temperature demonstrated that protein, total sugar and fat content fluctuated in response to the change in temperature during the study period. Among these components, proteins were most abundant in hemolymph and were present at the lowest level in September （8.37 mg/mL） and the highest in January （74.2 mg/mL）. In spite of the slight decrease in November （32.41 mg/mL） and slight increase in June （34.44 mg/mL）, protein levels gradually increased from September to January and decreased between February and August. There was a highly significant negative correlation with soil temperature, described by the function y = 59.238-3.686x （ r= -0.789, P = 0.002）. T

关 键 词：蒲氏钩蝠蛾 耐寒性 血淋巴物质 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]