生物-化学强化处理城市污水除磷试验  

Phosphorus Removal by Biological-Chemical Strengthening Process for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：杜馨[1,2] 张朝升[3] 王海燕[3] 荣宏伟[3] 张英民[4] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学市政技术学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州市市政职业学校,广东广州510500 [3]广州大学土木工程学院,广东广州510006 [4]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所国家环境保护水环境模拟与污染控制重点实验室广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室,广东广州510655

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第9期1474-1480,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21477027;51278133);广东省科技计划项目(2012B030800005)

摘　　要：以PFS(聚合硫酸铁)和PAS(聚合硫酸铝)为混凝剂,分别在化学反应器和SBR(序批式活性污泥反应器)内,研究模拟城市污水的化学除磷和生物-化学强化除磷的效果.结果表明:在化学反应器内,投加PFS和PAS均可提高TP的去除率,当投加量分别为0.20和1.00 m L/L时,出水ρ(TP)均在0.50 mg/L以下,TP去除率均超过90.0%.在生物反应器内,投加PFS和PAS均可强化生物除磷效果,与化学除磷相比,PFS投加量需增至0.25 m L/L,TP去除率才可达到90.0%,单独投加PFS的除磷效果好于PFS强化生物除磷效果;而PAS投加量降至0.50 m L/L,出水ρ(TP)即低于0.50 mg/L,TP去除率可达到90.0%以上,PAS强化生物除磷效果好于单独投加PAS的除磷效果.在生物反应器内投加PAS,TN去除率可提高12.5%;而投加PFS后TN去除率则下降3.3%.在生物反应器内投加PFS和PAS,能将CODCr去除率从82.6%提至90.0%以上.采用PCR-DGGE技术分析微生物群落特征发现,投加混凝剂的反应器内生物群落数量有所减少,但同时产生一些新生物种群,强化了功能种群的处理效果.Polymeric ferric sulfate（ PFS） and polyaluminium sulfate（ PAS） were used to investigate the effects of phosphorus removal by chemical process and biological-chemical strengthening process for synthetic municipal wastewater treatment in chemical reactor and sequencing batch reactor（ SBR）,respectively. The results showed that PAS and PFS could both improve the total phosphorus（ TP）removal efficiency in the chemical reactor. When the dosages for PAS and PFS were 1. 00 and 0. 20 m L/L,the corresponding ρ（ TP） in the effluent was less than 0. 50 mg/L,and the removal ratio was more than 90. 0%. When it came to SBR,PFS and PAS could both enhance bio-chemical phosphorus removal efficiency. Compared with the chemical process,TP removal efficiency could not reach 90. 0%until the PFS dosage increased to 0. 25 m L/L. Adding PFS alone was better than strengthening PFS. Likewise,compared with the chemical process,the ρ（ TP） in the effluent was lower than 0. 50mg/L,and the corresponding removal ratio was over 90. 0%,when PAS enhanced the dosage to 0. 50 m L/L. For PAS utilization,the strengthening process was better than adding PAS alone. When TN was considered,adding PAS in the bioreactorcould improve TN removal efficiency as much as 12. 5%. While adding PFS,TN removal decreased by 3. 3%. When adding both PFS and PAS in the bioreactor,CODCrremoval increased from 82. 6% to over 90. 0%. Microbial community analysis by PCR-DGGE demonstrated that the numbers of microbial community decreased with the coagulant addition in the reactor,and some new species were observed,which enhanced the removal efficiency of the functional microbial community.

关 键 词：除磷 活性污泥 混凝剂 聚合硫酸铝 聚合硫酸铁 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]