北京松山保护区油松健康标准评价体系研究  

Establishment of health assessment system of Pinus tabulaeformis in Beijing Songshan nature reserve

作　　者：金星[1] 孙宾[1] 聂立水[1] 吴记贵 蒋万杰 范雅倩 高培鑫[1] 朱嘉磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]北京松山国家级自然保护区管理处,北京102115

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第17期47-51,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科学研究与研究生培养共建项目(BLCXY201505)

摘　　要：为了建立一套北京松山自然保护区内天然油松形态学健康标准评价体系，在试验区内随机选择50株天然油松，在健康、亚健康、不健康生态学指标的基础上，通过外观诊断指标、生长指标对其观测，研究生态学指标与形态指标的关系，进而从形态学指标体系对油松健康标准进行评价。结果表明：（1）以油松形态学外观诊断的健康油松表现为主干挺拔，倾斜度小，长势优良，冠幅发达，松针颜色翠绿，枯枝较少；亚健康油松表现为主干有稍微倾斜，长势良好，冠幅基本发达，松针颜色有部分泛黄，有部分枯枝、断枝；不健康油松表现为主干有大幅度倾斜，没有明显长势，树冠稀疏，松针颜色或发黄，枯枝、断枝比较多。（2）以油松形态学生长指标评价的健康油松其树叶生物量／树干生物量在60％以上，2年生松针存留多，2年生松针长度在8cm以上；亚健康油松其树叶生物量／树干生物量在50％～60％之间，2年生松针存留率较多，2年生松针长度在4～8cm之间；不健康油松其树叶生物量／树干生物量在50％以下，2年生松针存留率少，2年生松针长度在4cm以下，甚至其没有2年生松针。In order to establish a set of health standard evaluation system for natural Pinus tabulaeformis in Beijing Songshan nature reserve in morphology, we randomly selected 50 strains in the test zone, in health, sub-health, unhealthy ecology index, on the base of observation of its appearance diagnosis index, growth index, studied the relationship between ecological index and morphological index, and then evaluated the health standard of P. tabulaeformis from morphological index system. The results showed that, from the diagnosis of morphological appearance, health P. tabulaeformis had tall and straight trunk, small inclination, good growth, developed crown, green pine needles and less dead branches; sub-health P. tabulaeformis had slightly tilted trunk, well growth, basically developed crown, some yellow pine needles, some dead branches and broken branches; unhealthy P. tabulaeformis had large amplitude tilt of trunk, no obvious growth, sparse canopy, yellow pine needles, many dead branches and broken branches. From the diagnosis of morphological growth index, health P. tabulaeformis had the ratio of leaf biomass and trunk biomass over 60%, retained more 2 years old pine needles, and the length of 2 years old pine needle was more than 8 cm; sub-health P. tabulaeformis had the ratio of leaf biomass and trunk biomass with 50%-60%, retained many 2 years old pine needles, and the length of 2 years old pine needle was 4-8 cm; unhealthy P. tabulaeformis had the ratio of leaf biomass and trunk biomass below 50%, retained less or no 2 years old pine needles, and the length of 2 years old pine needle was below 4 cm.

关 键 词：油松 形态学指标 外观诊断指标 生长指标 

分 类 号：S718.42[农业科学—林学]