环氧树脂改性高度支化水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究  

Synthesis and properties of highly branched waterborne polyurethane modified by epoxy resin

作　　者：胡虔[1] 吕兰[2] 吴雄[1] 廖晶[1] 潘吉林[1] 徐祖顺[3] 

机构地区：[1]国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司,湖北武汉430074 [2]中南财经政法大学,湖北武汉430074 [3]湖北大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2015年第18期1026-1031,共6页Electroplating & Finishing

摘　　要：用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为原料,制备了线性水性聚氨酯(LWPU,A2),并通过"A2+B3"的方式,将其滴加到聚醚胺(T403)的四氢呋喃–异丙醇(THF–IPA)溶液(B3)中,合成出端氨基高度支化水性聚氨酯(HBWPU)。用核磁共振仪表征了HBWPU的结构,证实合成成功。考察了TDI、DMPA和T403的用量对HBWPU的乳液粒径、外观和力学性能的影响,得到最优配方为:n(NCO)∶n(OH)=1.3,w(DMPA)=6.0%,n(B3)∶n(A2)=0.8。以双酚A型环氧树脂(EP)改性最优配方所得的HBWPU,用红外光谱研究了产物HBWPU/EP的结构,通过热重分析(TGA)和应力-应变曲线探讨了EP用量对其热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,引入EP明显提升了HBWPU的热稳定性及力学性能。当m(EP)∶m(HBWPU)=0.2,HBWPU/EP的拉伸强度达38.30 MPa,断裂伸长率为252%。但当EP用量过多,拉伸强度反而下降。A linear waterborne polyurethane （LWPU, A2） was prepared from 2,4-toluylene diisocyanate （TDI）, polycarbonate diol （PCDL）, and 2,2-bis（hydroxymethyl）propionic acid （DMPA）, and then dropped into a tetrahydrofuran-isopropanol （THF-IPA） solution dissolving with poly（oxyalkylene）triamine （T403） （B3） to synthesize an amine-terminated highly branched waterborne polyurethane （HBWPU） via A2＋B3 polymerization. The structure of HBWPU was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectrometer, proving a successful synthesis of HBWPU. The effects of TDI, DMPA, and T403 contents on particle size, appearance, and mechanical properties of HBWPU were studied. The optimal formulation was obtained as follows： n （NCO） ： n （OH） = 1.3, DMPA 6.0wt.%, and n （B3） ： n （A2） = 0.8. The HBWPU prepared with the optimal formulation was modified with bisphenol A epoxy resin （EP）. The structure of the product （HBWPU/EP） obtained thereby was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the HBWPU/EP were examined by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and stress-strain curve measurement. The results showed that the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the HBWPU are significantly enhanced by adding EP. The HBWPU/EP prepared with a EP-to-HBWPU mass ratio of 0.2 has a tensile strength of 38.30 MPa and a elongation of 252% at break. The tensile strength of HBWPU/EP is decreased with excessive amount of EP.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 支化 环氧树脂 改性 力学 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ630.4[化学工程—精细化工]