2011年江苏南部两场大暴雨对比分析  

Comparative analysis on two torrential rains in southern Jiangsu of 2011

作　　者：王啸华[1,2] 郑媛媛[3] 徐芬[3] 李杨[1] 侯俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省气象台,南京210008 [2]扬州市气象局,江苏扬州225009 [3]江苏省气象科学研究所,南京210009

出　　处：《气象科学》2015年第4期497-505,共9页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2014-024);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306008;GYHY201506006;GYHY201306010);江苏省气象科研开放基金项目(KZ201407;KZ201102)

摘　　要：利用高分辨率的加密气象自动站资料、FY2D卫星资料、多普勒雷达资料、常规观测资料以及6 h 1次的NCEP再分析资料等,对2011年6月18日和2011年7月18日江苏地区分别发生在梅雨期开始阶段和结束阶段的两场暴雨进行中尺度天气系统演变和雷达回波参数等特征的对比分析。结果表明:(1)6月18日的天气形势是典型的梅雨期降水形势,在梅雨锋附近产生了区域性暴雨。水汽输送主要是对流层中低层的西南暖湿气流。7月18日的局地暴雨则是出现在低压倒槽顶端右侧的偏东气流中。(2)两次暴雨过程强降水发生前都存在对流层低层辐合快速增强的过程。7月18日暴雨强降水发生前散度值下降则更为迅速。(3)两次暴雨过程中强降水区都出现在地面辐合系统附近的东北气流中,且随着地面辐合系统移动。(4)两次暴雨过程都出现了TBB低于-62℃的强对流云团。(5)6月18日,与多个线性排列的"逆风区"对应的强回波中心形成了"列车效应";7月18日,对流回波带上单体不断流入,在低空急流左前端合并成团状强对流区,分别是形成两次暴雨的重要原因。By using auto-weather station network data with high resolution, FY2D satellite data, Doppler radar data and 6 h NECP reanalysis data, the comparison analysis on the mesoscale weather system evolution and radar echo parameters of two torrential rain events occurred in Jiangsu on June 18 and July 18,2011 was conducted . The results show that： （ 1 ） the weather situation on June 18 was the typical Meiyu precipitation, which represented the regional torrential rain occurring near the Meiyu front. The southwest warm and wet airflow provided the water vapor transportation. The local torrential rain on July 18 appeared in the east airflow on the fight side of inverted trough. （2） The convergence in lower tropo- sphere increased quickly before the two rainstorm processes and divergence value on July 18 declined more rapidly. （3） Heavy rain areas were both in northeast air flow near the surface convergence system, and moved together with the convergence system. （4） The strong convective cloud with 〈-62℃ TBa ap- peared in two rainstorm processes. （5） On June 18, the ＂train effect＂ was formed by strong echo center corresponding to plurality of linearly arranged ＂inverse wind regions＂, and on July 18, the continously flowing monomers in convection echo belt merged into the cluster of convection zone in the left front of low level, these two factors were the important reasons causing the torrential rain.

关 键 词：暴雨 中尺度对流系统 地面辐合系统 雷达回波参数 对比分析 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]