我国外籍HIV/AIDS病例的时空特征分析  

The description of time-spatial distribution of the foreigners with HIV/AIDS in China

作　　者：蔡畅[1] 王丽艳[1] 郭巍[1] 秦倩倩[1] 丁正伟[1] 陈方方[1] 崔岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2015年第9期757-761,共5页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的描述和分析中国报告的外籍艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者及艾滋病(AIDS)病例(简称HIV/AIDS病例)的基本情况和时空分布特征。方法收集整理1988-2014年期间全国确诊报告的外籍HIV/AIDS病例(不包括港、澳、台)的基本信息,分析外籍病例的空间聚类热点,并采用χ2检验分析不同时间段病例流行病学特征的差异。结果截至2014年底,全国诊断外籍HIV/AIDS病例10 890例,占全国累计发现病例的1.7%,但云南部分地区外籍病例占当地新发现病例的比例较高。外籍病例以亚洲籍为主(81.7%),传播途径以性传播为主(61.3%)。空间分析结果显示,除云南外,广西、广东、福建、浙江、上海、山东及北京等边境和沿海省份是外籍病例的主要发现地区,各地外籍病例传播途径和发现方式不同。2010年中国取消"限制HIV/AIDS病例入境"的禁令后,中国新发现的外籍病例人口学特征发生了变化。结论近年来外籍病例对中国边境部分地区艾滋病流行存在较大影响,建议开展跨区域艾滋病防治工作,有针对性的加强针对外籍HIV/AIDS病例的随访和医疗救治。Objective To describe the time-spatial distribution and basic characteristics of the foreigners with HIV/AIDS in our country. Methods We collected all the foreign cases reported in 1998-2014, then described their general characteristics and adopt ArcGIS software to recognize the hot spot, then use Chi-squared test to analy- sis the variation between epidemical characteristics of different times. Results By the end of 2014, there were 10890 valid foreign cases reported, accounted for 1.7%of all. In some regions of Yunnan, foreign cases accounted for a much higher proportion of all the new reported cases. The majorty were originally from Asian country （81.7%）, sexual contact was the major route of transmission （60.3%）. The results of ArcGIS showed that： after taking out Yunnan＇s foreign cases, the hot spots appeared in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Shandong and Beijing, the transmission routes and discovery ways varied among these places. After the restriction cancelled in 2010, the demographic characteristics of new reported foreign cases changed. Conclusion The foreign cases have great effect on AIDS epidemic in some border places in recent years. We should enhance the follow-up and treatment to them and a cross-regional cooperation is needed urgently.

关 键 词：艾滋病 外籍病例 时空分析 趋势 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]