2种生态条件下水稻生育期和产量构成差异对比  

Comparison of Rice Growth Period and Yield Formation under Two Different Ecological Conditions

作　　者：李静[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西昌学院农业科学学院,四川西昌615013 [2]四川农业大学农学院,四川温江611130

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第4期1450-1454,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(13ZA0270);四川省教育厅青年基金项目(07ZB081)

摘　　要：以10种不同类型水稻为材料,对比了西昌和雅安两种不同生态条件下水稻生育期和产量构成的差异,试验结果表明:10个水稻品种在西昌的全生育期天数均大于雅安,播种期-最高分蘖期、齐穗期-成熟期所需时间的延长是水稻在西昌种植全生育期天数大于雅安的主要原因;在水稻品种选择合适的前提下,西昌获得高产的潜力大于雅安,西昌水稻产量和有效穗显著高于雅安,雅安水稻穗着粒和千粒重明显高于西昌,水稻结实率在两个生态点差异不大;相关和通径分析表明,西昌因分蘖期长,有效穗多,但穗着数较少,穗粒数和粒重对产量的贡献最大,应在保证足够穗数基础上主攻粒重和穗粒数;雅安则相反,有效穗数不足是影响产量提高的最大因素,有效穗对产量的贡献最大,生产上应主攻穗数。Ten different types of rice was used as material to carry on field experiment in Xichang and Ya＇an in order to discover rice growth period and yield formation rule of the different types under the two different ecological conditions in this study. The results showed that the whole growth period of ten rice varieties in Xichang was longer than in Ya＇an which was mainly due to the stage from sowing to maximum and the stage from heading stage to mature in Xichang was longer than in Ya＇an. Under the premise of choosing the right variety,the potential of high yield in Xichang was greater than in Ya＇an,rice yield and effective panicles in Xichang was significantly higher than in Ya＇an,but 1000-grain weight and grains per ear in Xichang was lower in Ya＇an,and the seed setting rate was insignificant in both ecological point; correlation and path analysis showed that it had a longer tillering stage and more effective panicles but a small number of grains per ear and lower 1000-grain weight in Xichang; 1000-grain weight and grains per ear had the greatest contribution to yield; it should be to improve 1000-grain weight and grains per ear on the basis of sufficient panicles in Xichang; the lack of effective panicles was the biggest factor restricting the yield increase which had the greatest contribution to yield; it should be to improve the number of panicles in production in Ya＇an.

关 键 词：水稻 生态条件 生育期 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]