不同苗龄膜下移栽对烤烟生长发育及品质的影响  

Effect of Transplanting Tobacco Seedlings under Plastic Film at Different Ages on Tobacco Growth and Quality

作　　者：周黎[1] 潘元宏 付亚丽[2] 李宏光[2] 普恩平[1] 孙曙华[1] 杨晓琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司红河州公司蒙自分公司,云南蒙自651100 [2]云南省烟草公司红河州公司烟叶生产技术中心,云南弥勒652300

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第4期1612-1616,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司基金项目(2010YN079)

摘　　要：为有效应对移栽时的干旱天气,进一步提高烟叶产量与品质,开展了不同苗龄膜下小苗移栽与常规移栽对比试验。结果显示：膜下小苗移栽方式能提高干旱天气烟株移栽成活率,促进根系发育,增强田间长势和抗病性。移栽10 d后,45 d苗龄移栽处理比对照根系干重增加0.175 g;大团棵期和打顶期,35 d苗龄移栽处理干重分别比对照增加1.379和20.062 g;同田情况下,膜下移栽对病毒病的相对防效最高达86.07%,对黑胫病的相对防效最高达87.50%。在产量与品质方面,膜下移栽处理平均比对照每公顷增加产量39 kg,提高上等烟比例3.50%,提高均价0.19元,每公顷提高产值1221.75元;初烤烟叶化学成分含量适中,比例协调,总糖、还原糖、K2O及氯含量与常规差异不大;在35~70 d苗龄范围,上部烟叶烟碱和总氮含量随移栽苗龄的减小而降低。For effectively decreasing the damage caused by drought weather,improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaf,transplanting young seedlings at different ages under film was compared with conventional film mulching cultivation by field trials. The results showed that the seeding transplant under plastic mulching could improve tobacco transplanting survival in drought weather,and stimulate root development,enhanced disease resistance and growth in field. Transplanting 10 days,root dry weight of 45 days seedling age increased 0. 175 g than that of the control treatment; Dry weight of 35 days seedling age transplanting handling were increased by 1. 379 and 20. 062 g in the stages of resettling and topping period; Tanaka in the same piece,transplanting under the membrane,the Virus disease control efficacy reached 86. 07 % and black shank disease control efficacy reached 87. 50 %. Comparison with yield and quality,transplanting under the membrane yield by an average of 39 kg,the proportion of fine tobacco increased by 3. 50 %,average price increased by 0. 19 yuan,the acre output value increased by 1221. 75 Yuan. The cured tobacco leaf chemical composition content was moderate. There was no significant difference among total sugar,reducing sugar K2 O and Cl content when seedling age range in 35- 70 days,the upper nicotine and total nitrogen content increased with the decrease of transplanting seedling age decreasing.

关 键 词：烤烟 不同苗龄 膜下移栽 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]