小麦品种混合对条锈病菌毒性演变的影响研究  

Study on Changes in Virulence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp.tritici on Wheat Varieties and Their Mixtures

作　　者：沈丽[1,2] 张贵胜[1,3] 邝文静[1,4] 姬红丽[1,4] 罗林明[1,2] 倪建英[1,4] 彭云良[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]农业部西南有害生物综合治理重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川省农业厅植物保护站,四川成都610042 [3]福建农林大学植物保护系,福建福州350002 [4]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第4期1634-1638,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903035);四川省育种攻关项目(YZGG-2006-25-3)

摘　　要：将四川小麦条锈病菌致病类型Su-12菌株接种不同小麦品种和及其混合组合,连续繁殖3代和9代后收集夏孢子接种小麦条锈病菌生理小种鉴别寄主,发现病菌毒性发生了显著变化。连续繁殖3代后,Su-12未再检出,但出现了1个对水源11和Hybrid46均不具毒性的未知致病类型以及4个对水源11具毒性的未知致病类型。连续繁殖9代后,条中33和2个对水源11具毒性的新未知致病类型分别出现在绵阳31、川麦107和川农10号上,而条中32、Hy-4和4个对Hybrid 46具毒性的未知致病类型则分别发生在川麦36、川麦37、川育18、混I、混II和铭贤169上。起始菌株对川麦36具毒性,但在川麦107、川育18、川农10号、铭贤169和上述6个品种的等比混合上继代培养9代后对川麦36失去毒性。将不同品种和混合组合上继代培养后C1、C3和C9代的夏孢子经铭贤169繁殖后,提取DNA经酶切、连接和预扩后,利用对四川小麦条锈病菌能够显示AFLP多态性的引物对E7(GTAGACTGCGTACCAATTCAT)/M5(GACGATGAGTCCTGAGTAAAT)和E7/M3(GACGATGAGTCCTGAGTAATC)选扩产物电泳后,各样品间未观察到AFLP多态性。以上结果表明小麦抗性品种含有的抗性基因具有定向选择作用,而在感病品种上繁殖多代后,小麦条锈病菌病菌毒性有可能减弱,多品种混合组合上繁殖的小麦条锈病菌毒性弱于绵阳31和川麦36单播,可能与高抗品种的定向选择作用被稀释有关。An isolate in virulence type Su-12 of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from Sichuan was inoculated onto 6 wheat varieties and two mixtures of these varieties. Urodia from these varieties and mixtures were collected after continuous multiplication for 3 and 9 generations and inoculated onto susceptible wheat variety,Mingxian 169（ G） and multiplied for 1 or 2 generations（ only in case of urodia form ‘Mianmai31＇（ D）） in order to obtain enough urodia for virulence assay or AFLP analysis. Su-12 had never been detected then but 4 unknown virulence types infecting Suweon 11 as well as 1 virulence type failing to infect‘Suweon 11＇and‘Hybrid 46＇were detected among multiplied for 3 continuous generations on different wheat varieties and mixtures. CYR33 and two unknown virulence types infecting‘Suweon 11＇were recorded among urodea endured 9 continuous generations on Mianmai 31,Chuanmai 107（ A）,Chuannong 10（ C）. CYR32,Hy-4 and 4unknown virulence types infecting Hybrid 46 ere observed among urodia multiplied 9 generations from Chuanmai 36（ F）,Chuanmai 37（ E）,Chuanyu 18（ B） and the mixtures of A ＋ B ＋ D ＋ F and A ＋ B ＋ C ＋ D ＋ E ＋ F. Urodia multiplied for 9 generations on A,B,C,G and A ＋B ＋ C ＋ D ＋ E ＋ F ＋ G were no longer virulent to Chuanmai 36,contrasting to the initial urodia and that multiplied for 9 generations on B,E,F and A ＋ B ＋ D ＋ F. No AFLP polymorphism was observed form the usodia multiplied for 3,6,and 9 generations on different varieties and mixitures using E7（ GTAGACTGCGTACCAATTCAT） / M5（ GACGATGAGTCCTGAGTAAAT） or E7 /M3（ GACGATGAG TCCTGAGTAATC） as primers in selective amplification. The results indicated the selective pressure from resistance genes and possible decrease of virulence in uredia continuously multiplied on susceptible varieties. The weaker virulence of urodia multiplied on the mixtures of A＋ B ＋ C ＋ D ＋ E ＋ F ＋ G than that from either A or B might be explained by diluted effects of resistan

关 键 词：小麦 条锈病菌 品种混合 毒性变异 AFLP 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]