叶面喷布钾、钙和镁肥对妃子笑荔枝果皮着色的调节效果  

Effects of K,Ca and Mg Applied in Foliar Nutrients on Pericarp's Coloring of Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao

作　　者：周晓超[1] 苏阳[1] 张锐[1] 周开兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺园林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第4期1713-1718,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160383)

摘　　要：以妃子笑荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.cv Feizixiao)成年树为试材,叶面喷布0.5%KCl(K)、0.3%Ca Cl2(Ca)和1.5%Mg Cl2(Mg)以及它们的两两混合液为处理,清水为对照,探讨叶面喷布K、Ca和Mg肥对妃子笑荔枝果皮着色的调节效果。结果表明,果实在发育过程中,各处理和对照的果皮h值、果皮叶绿素含量和果肉酸含量在总体上呈下降趋势;果肉可溶性糖含量在5月19日之前总体上呈上升趋势,从5月19日到22日,除了Ca+Mg和K+Ca+Mg处理的可溶性糖含量无显著变化外,其余处理的可溶性糖含量均显著下降;果皮a值、果皮花色素苷含量和果肉糖酸比总体上呈上升趋势。在5月19日,Mg处理使其果皮h值降到最低,并且显著低于对照和其它处理;在5月22日,Ca+Mg处理使其果肉可溶性糖维持最高含量并显著高于对照,使其果皮h值与对照无显著差异并显著低于其它处理;由此可见,Mg和Ca+Mg处理的果皮h值与果肉可溶性糖含量分别在5月19日和5月22日同步达到最佳,分别克服了果皮"滞绿"和果肉"退糖"问题。Taken Feizixiao litchi fruits as tested materials,the effects of K,Ca and Mg applied in foliar nutrients on the pericarp＇s coloring by different treatments（ including spraying the concentrations of 0. 5 % KCl（ K）,0. 3 % Ca Cl2（ Ca）,1. 5 % Mg Cl2（ Mg） solutions and their mixtures） were studied, and spraying clean water was used as the check（ CK）. The results showed that with the growth and development of fruits under different treatments and CK,the values of h,the contents of the chlorophyll in pericarp and the acid in flesh decreased generally. The contents of the soluble sugar in flesh increased generally before May 19 th. From May 19 thto May 22 th,the contents of the soluble sugar in flesh with the treatments of Ca ＋ Mg and K ＋ Ga ＋ Mg presented no significant difference,while those with other treatments were significantly decreased. The values of a,the contents of anthocyanin in pericarp and the ratio of sugar / acid in flesh increased generally. During the fruit mature period,the value of h in pericarp of the treatment Mg dropped to the bottom and was significantly lower than those of CK and the other treatments on May 19 th,and the content of the soluble sugar in flesh of the treatment Ca ＋ Mg maintained the highest content and was significantly higher than that of CK on May 22 th,while h value of the treatment Ca ＋ Mg made no significant difference from that of CK and was significantly lower than those of other treatments. So the synchronization of the values of h in pericarp and the contents of the soluble sugar in flesh of the treatments Mg and Ca ＋ Mg achieved the best on May 19 thand 22th,respectively. The treatment Mg successfully solved the problem that the peel kept green when the content of the soluble sugar in flesh rise to the top,and the treatment Ca ＋ Mg successfully solved the problem that the content of the soluble sugar in flesh dropped when the pericarp color was full.

关 键 词：妃子笑荔枝 K CA Mg 着色 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]