考虑减速度阈值的交通流元胞自动机模型  

A Cellular Automaton Model of Traffic Flow Considering Deceleration Threshold

作　　者：刘应东[1] 牛惠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2015年第4期95-99,共5页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71261014);甘肃省自然科学基金(145RJZA190)

摘　　要：在NS模型的基础上,强调了车辆移动距离与车辆速度的关系,考虑了驾驶的安全性,重新定义了减速过程和位置更新规则,提出了考虑车辆减速度的元胞自动机模型.通过模拟仿真,得到的车速、流量和密度数据及其相互关系,最大流量更加接近实测数据,同时再现了亚稳态、滞后效应和相分离以及同步流等更复杂的实际交通现象;随着减速度的增大,流量最大值与其对应的临界密度逐渐增加,同步流区间逐渐缩减,速度最大变化量增大,车辆速度波动加大.On the basis of the NS model,one-dimensional cellular automaton traffic flow model is addressed,in which the relationship of vehicles deceleration is emphasized,the safety is consid-ered,and the reduction process and location update rules are redefined.By computer simulation, the relationships among speed,density and traffic flux are given to show the influence of decelera-tion on the traffic flow.The presence of metastable state,phase separation and hysteresis are re-vealed,which have been observed in real traffic.With the increase of deceleration,the critical den-sity and the maximum flux increase gradually,synchronized flow interval gradually decreases,and maximum velocity variance and velocity fluctuation increase.

关 键 词：元胞自动机模型 位置更新规则 减速度 相分离 亚稳态 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]