着火列车在隧道内行驶的烟气温度特性研究  

Analysis of the characteristics of smoke temperature on moving train fire in the tunnel

作　　者：毛军[1] 李湘蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2015年第4期61-69,76,共10页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2014JBM081)

摘　　要：地铁隧道火灾中,以列车着火的可能性较大,着火后的应急处置办法是尽量带火运行到前方车站.依据1/8缩尺模型实验结果,利用计算流体力学STAR-CD软件的动网格功能,通过求解N-S方程,对列车着火后继续向前行驶的过程中的流场特性进行了研究,分析了不同列车行驶速度和火源热释放速率对隧道内温度分布的影响,得到列车携带火源在隧道内行驶时烟气温度的分布规律和列车行驶速度对烟气温度场特性的影响.结果表明:在着火列车继续向前行驶的过程中,隧道顶棚处温度最高,沿隧道高度向下逐渐降低,且烟气没有扩散至隧道高度2m以下的范围;列车行驶速度越大,隧道两侧的烟气扩散的速度越快,蔓延的范围也越大;若车内的人员保持在1.375m高度以下,可以保证生命安全.研究结果对于地铁列车着火后继续在隧道中行驶时的安全研究具有一定的参考作用.In subway tunnd fire, the greater possibility is the fire on the train. The emergency re- sponse is to run the train with the fire to the front of the station as far as possible. Based on the results gained from the fire experiments done in a 1/8 reduced-scale model tunnel, we use computational fluid dynamics （CFD） to analyze the moving process of the on-fire train. With the technology of dynamic grid in STAR-CD software, the temperature distribution in tunnel is numerically simulated by solving N-S equations under the condition of fire. The results show that the maximum temperature is at the ceiling of the tunnel and gradually reduces along the tunnel height when the burning train continues moving forward. But the smoke layer is within the scope of 2 m from the ceiling. The greater the train moving speed is, the greater the speed of smoke diffusion and the range of spread is. If the passengers remain below 1. 375 m height, the life safety can be guaranteed. The results are helpful for promoting the researches on the safety of on-fire train moving in the subway tunnel. The research is of great real- istic and scientific significance.

关 键 词：地铁 列车火灾 数值模拟 动网格 烟气温度 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]