近年来我国冬油菜区试品种主要性状演变分析  

The Evolution Analysis of Major Characters of New Rapeseed Lines Tested in National Regional Experiment in Recent Years

作　　者：咸拴狮[1] 杜春芳[1] 范建春[1] 李萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2015年第9期1084-1088,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家高新技术研究发展项目(2011AA10A104);山西省农业科学院育种工程项目(11YZGC099)

摘　　要：为了充分了解我国油菜育种的发展趋势,应用2008—2014年冬油菜区域试验的汇总资料,对长江上游、中游、下游、黄淮及早熟5个区组油菜新品种的产量性状、品质性状及抗病性状进行分析。结果表明,冬油菜新品种平均产量整体呈上升趋势,单株有效角果数、角粒数和千粒质量在不同气候影响和不同年度间存在波动;芥酸含量黄淮区组控制的最好,长江上游区组浮动最大;硫苷含量在各区组间差异不明显,各年度间逐步降低,达到国家低硫苷标准;参试品种的含油量也有了明显改善,尤其是长江下游区组,最高含油量达到46.1%;受环境条件和气候条件影响,各区组间油菜新品种菌核病和病毒病发病率存在差异。今后应该运用各种技术提高油菜品种含油量和抗逆性,并应用新技术保护油菜品种所有权。To fully understand the development trend of rapeseed breeding in our country, the yield, quality and disease-resistant traits for winter type rapeseed were analyzed based on the results of the regional test for winter rapeseed in five groups, the upper, middle and lower Yangtze River, Huang-Huai River valley and Early maturity area during 2008-2014. The results showed that the new varieties average yield was on the rise, the average effective pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and 1 000-seed weight fluctuated with different climate and different annual; the erucic acid content in Huang-Huai River valley had the best control, the upper Yangtze River had the largest floating. Glucosinolates content in each area was no difference between groups, and gradually reduced to the low glucosinolates standards of the state; the oil content of testing varieties had improved significantly, especially in the lower Yangtze River group, the highest oil content reached 46.1%. Influenced by environmental and climate conditions, the disease incidence of rapeseed Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral disease changed in different regional groups. In the future, we should use all kinds of technology to improve varieties oil content and disease resistance, and use new technologies to protect ownership.

关 键 词：冬油菜 国家区试 主要性状 演变 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]