方所介词与单双音方位词组配的不对称性  

An Analysis of Asymmetry in “Preposition + Mono-/ Disyllabic Nouns of Locality”

作　　者：张颖[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学文学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]牡丹江师范学院文学院,黑龙江牡丹江157012

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期89-95,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划项目"基于类型学的韩汉语篇结构标记对比研究"(13YJA740021)

摘　　要：汉语中单双音节的不对称问题涉及词类、句法、语义、韵律、语体等多个层面。从韵律角度的研究可以解释大多数情况,而单双音方位词与介词组配表现出的不对称却具有方所表达自身的独特属性。以"从/往"类方所介词与单双音方位词组配的不对称性为例:介词与方位词本身语义属性的差异是其不对称的直接动因;介词与方位词组配中的"有界""无界"的匹配性是其不对称的认知动因;汉语的韵律竞争和语体选择是其不对称的语用动因。其中,认知语义和谐是根本性动因。In Chinese, the phenomenon of asymmetry in monosyllabic and disyllabic words covers such levels as word class, syntax, semantics, prosody and style. By far, the research results in the field of prosody present reasonable explanations for most of the cases. However, the asymmetry of tactic forms ＂direction and position preposition ＋ monophonic/disyllabic nouns of locality＂ is special. Based on previous studies, this ar- ticle investigates the pragmatic frequency and the reasons for asymmetry in ＂tong/wang （）y~/~~） ＋ mono- phonic/disyllabic nouns of locality＂. The major findings of the article are as follows： （ 1 ） the differences in semantics between prepositions ＂cong＂ （}~） and ＂wang＂ （ ~＇~ ） and monophonic and disyllabic nouns of locali- ty are the direct cause for the asymmetry; （2） Being ＂bounded＂ and ＂unbounded＂ produced in the matching of the two types of prepositions and two types of nouns of locality is the cognitive reason for the asymmetry; （3） prosodic and stylistic features of Chinese are the pragmatic reason for the asymmetry. Among them, cog- nitive-semantic harmony is fundamental.

关 键 词：单双音方位词 介词 组配 不对称 动因 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]