激光跟踪仪转站热变形误差建模与补偿方法  

Thermal deformation error modeling and compensation approach for laser tracker orientation

作　　者：杨宝旒 俞慈君[1] 金涨军[1] 李江雄[1] 李明飞 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械工程学系,杭州310027 [2]中航工业陕西飞机工业(集团)有限公司,汉中723213

出　　处：《航空学报》2015年第9期3155-3164,共10页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375442)~~

摘　　要：在飞机数字化装配测量中,激光跟踪仪的转站精度决定着测量精度和装配质量,提高转站精度至关重要。而布置在工装上的公共观测点随温度变化发生的热变形,导致观测点偏离理论位置,往往是降低转站精度的主要原因。以壁板工装为实例,通过有限元模型仿真计算,得到观测点呈线性变形规律,并提出了用单位温度热变形系数矩阵来对理论坐标进行补偿的方法。根据仿真获得的变形规律,又提出了对大量实验数据统计分析来获得系数矩阵的方法。并采用回归分析的方法,检验了仿真和实验两种方式所获得的系数矩阵的相关性和等价性,表明仿真获得的系数矩阵的正确性。最后,用实例验证了工装上观测点热变形的线性关系和用热变形系数矩阵进行补偿的有效性。It is crucial to improve the laser tracker orientation accuracy, which determines the measurement accuracy and assembly quality in the process of aircraft digital assembly. The change of temperature often leads to ERS （Enhanced Reference System） points; deviation from the theoretical position, which is the main cause for the reduction of orientation accuracy. A panel fixture is studied as an example and the deformation of ERS points turns out to change linearly through the calculation of finite element model （FEM）. Then a method for computing the thermal deformation coefficient matrix in per degree is proposed to compensate the theoretical coordinate. According to the deformation rule, another method to get the matrix coefficient is proposed using statistical analysis of experimental data. We check the relevance and equivalence of coefficient matrix getting from FEM and experiment with regression analysis, which validate the correctness of coefficient matrix from FEM. Finally, linear relationship of thermal deformation and effectiveness of compensation are demonstrated by examples.

关 键 词：激光跟踪仪 公共观测点 热变形误差 有限元仿真 回归分析 

分 类 号：V262.43[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]