美国刑事诉讼案件过滤机制及其启示——以地方重罪案件为实证样本  

On the Screening Mechanism of Criminal Cases of United States and Its Enlightenment: Local Felony Cases as Research Samples

作　　者：王禄生[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,南京211189

出　　处：《现代法学》2015年第4期157-169,共13页Modern Law Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"刑事诉讼案件过滤机制比较研究"(13YJC820078);中国法学会部级一般课题"案件过滤机制视角下的刑事错案防范研究"(CLS(2014)C33)

摘　　要：美国刑事诉讼案件过滤机制是一种公开参与的、在多元目标指导下所进行的独断型过滤机制。此种类型特征由美国独特的制度环境所决定与塑造。从结果上看,该机制的运作给美国刑事诉讼带来了正反两方面的影响:一方面,它有效降低了错误追诉,并显著提升了刑事司法的整体效率。另一方面,它也在一定程度上增加了"错放有罪"的风险,并降低了刑事司法在事实认定方面的精度。对美国刑事诉讼案件过滤机制的类型、成因和影响的系统研究有助于全面与客观地认识我国刑事诉讼案件过滤机制。The case screening mechanism of United States is Mukipurpose-orlented and Self-decision Model. And the power of case screening is embodied not only in public power institutions, but also in publics. This mechanism not only reduces the miscarriages in criminal justice system. On the contrary, there is ha＇ s criminal process, which makes our criminal criminal procedure, but also enhances the efficiency of the no reasonable and effective case screening mechanism in Chi- justice system suffer long-term disturbance by inaccuracy and inefficiency. By learning from the experience of case screening of United States, we should break the virtual monopoly ality. In as the sol of the powers to screen by state organs and make the public participation in case screening become readdition, we also need to accept the multipurpose in case screening rather than purchasing correction solo goal.

关 键 词：案件过滤 公开参与 多元目标 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]