湖北省农村地区老年住院患者营养状况调查  

Investigation on the Nutritional Status of the Elderly Inpatients in Rural Areas of Hubei Province

作　　者：龚勋[1,2] 周尚成[2] 刘跃伟[1] 周鹏[1,3] 赵子晗[1] 利国[1] 张翔[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省预防医学科学院党委办公室,武汉430079 [2]湖北医药学院卫生事业管理发展研究中心,十堰442000 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,武汉430030

出　　处：《医学与社会》2015年第9期7-9,共3页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助;编号为71373091;71273083;湖北省卫生计生科研基金资助;编号为WJ2015Z048;湖北省高校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金资助;编号为2015A001

摘　　要：目的:评估湖北省农村地区老年人营养状况及其影响因素,为农村地区老年人合理营养支持提供参考。方法:采取分层随机抽样方法,采用营养风险筛查2002(NRS 2002)标准,结合实验室检查结果,对2014年5-12月在湖北省5个县(市)人民医院住院治疗的487名农村老年患者进行营养状况评估。结果:农村地区老年住院患者营养风险发生率为93.02%,营养不良发生率为53.18%,老年住院患者营养风险发生率为93.02%,其中,男性营养风险发生率为89.72%,女性营养风险发生率为95.60%,男女老年患者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);70岁以上患者中营养风险发生率为90.37%,贫血发生率为69.40%,其中,男、女性老年患者贫血发生率分别为64.02%、73.63%,男女间差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.04,P<0.05)。结论:应在入院时对重症老年患者进行营养风险筛查,以便及早发现营养问题,进行科学合理的营养支持;在农村地区和县级医疗机构中广泛开展合理膳食教育,指导居民和患者合理膳食、适量运动、戒烟限酒、平衡心理,保证各类营养素摄入充足。Objective： To assess the nutritional status of the elderly people in rural areas of Hubei Province and its influencing factors, to provide references for the reasonable nutrition support of the rural elderly. Methods： With stratified random sampling method, using the standard of nutritional risk screening 2002 （ NRS 2002） and combining the results of laboratory examinations, 487 rural elderly patients hospitalizing in the local People＇s Hospital from 5 counties in Hubei Province - Macheng City, Baokang County, Zhushan County, Yangxin County were made assessment of nutrition status from May to December of 2014. Results： The hospitalized rural elderly patients＇nutrition risk incidence was 93.02%, the rate of malnutrition was 53.18%, where the maleg nutritional risk incidence was 89.72% and the female＇s was 95.60%, and their difference was statistically significant （P 〈0. 05 ）. The nutritional risk incidence among patients over 70 years old was 90.37%. The incidence of anemia was 69.40%, and the male and female elderly patients＇incidence of anemia was 64.02% and 73.63% respectively, whose difference has statistically significance （X2 = 6. 04, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： The nutritional risk screening should be carried out on the senile patients on admission, in order to find the nutritional problems as soon as possible, carry out scientific and reasonable nutrition support, and promote their rehabilitation. In rural areas and county - level medical institutions, it＇s necessary to develop a wide range of reasonable diet education to guide residents and patients have a reasonable diet, regular exercise, quit alcohol limit, psychological balance for ensuring all types of nutritional adequacy.

关 键 词：住院患者 营养状况 农村 老年人 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R197[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]