湖北省空巢老人健康状况及需求调查  

Investigation on the Health Status and Demand of the Empty Nester in Hubei Province

作　　者：龚勋[1,2] 王峥[3] 陈曼丽[4] 刘跃伟[2] 童叶青[2] 周鹏[2] 赵子晗[2] 陈致泽[2] 程红平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院卫生事业管理发展研究中心,十堰442000 [2]湖北省预防医学科学院党委办公室,武汉430079 [3]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [4]湖北中医药大学,武汉430065

出　　处：《医学与社会》2015年第9期10-12,共3页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助;编号为71273083;湖北省卫生计生科研基金资助;编号为WJ2015Z048;湖北省高校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金资助;编号为2015A001

摘　　要：目的:了解湖北省空巢老人的健康状况及其需求,为制定适合空巢老人健康需求的管理策略提供依据。方法:采用自制调查问卷对湖北省1177名空巢老人的人口学资料、健康状况、健康需求等进行调查。结果:城市空巢老人的慢性病总患病率高于农村空巢老人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,城市空巢老人的呼吸系统疾病、高血压、肿瘤、消化系统疾病、糖尿病、痛风等慢性病患病率高于农村,农村空巢老人白内障患病率高于城市,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城市空巢老人在家庭保健、老年护理、生活照料、健康饮食等方面的健康需求明显高于农村地区,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村空巢老人的心理关爱需求明显高于城市地区,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应以空巢老人的健康需求为中心,以康复护理、健康咨询、健康行为促进等为服务重点,增加社区养老和医疗服务设施经费投入,强化老年慢性病的防治措施及康复保健,丰富空巢老人的精神文化生活,不断提高城乡空巢老人的生活质量。Objective： To analyze the health status and demand of the elderly in empty - nest family, to provide basis for the management strategies suitable for the health needs of the Empty Nester. Methods： 1177 Empty Nester were investigated with self- made questionnaires on demographic data, health status, and health requirement and so on. Results： The total morbidity of chronic diseases of urban Empty Nester was higher than that of the rural Empty Nester, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Among them, the urban Empty Nester~ morbidity of chronic diseases such as respiratory system disease, hypertension, cancer, digestive system disease, diabetes mellitus and ventilation were higher than that of the rural; the rural Empty Nester~ cataract prevalence rate was higher than that of the urban, and the difference was sta- tistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The urban Empty Nester~ health needs of family care, elderly care, life care and health diet were significantly higher than that in rural areas, and the difference had statistical significance （ P 〈 O. 05 ） ; The demand of the rural Empty Nester on psychological care was significantly higher than that in city areas, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： ItS needed to focus on the health demands of the Empty Nester, take the rehabilitation nursing, health consultation, health promoting behaviors as service core, increase community pension and medical facilities and funds, strengthen the prevention and rehabilitation care for the Empty Nester patients with chronic disease, rich their spiritual and cultural life, to improve the quality of life of urban and rural Empty Nester gradually.

关 键 词：健康状况 空巢老人 需求 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]