湖南桂阳和桑植烟区烤烟生育期气温及降水特征  

Temperature and precipitation change in flue-cured tobacco growing period in Guiyang and Sangzhi tobacco-growing areas in Hunan province

作　　者：陈颐[1,2] 周清明[1,2] 杨虹琦[1,2] 杨红武 李宏光 孙书斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学烟草科学与健康重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]中国烟草中南农业试验站,湖南长沙410128 [4]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2015年第4期48-55,共8页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：湖南浓香型特色优质烟叶研究与开发(合同号11-14Aa01;2013NK3073)

摘　　要：采用湖南桂阳和桑植烟区1981-2010年气温和降水量观测资料,以线性趋势函数和Mann-Kendall突变检测方法分析不同烟区烤烟生育期气温和降水变化特征。结果表明:(1)桂阳烟区各生育期平均气温呈上升趋势,尤其是苗期和伸根期上升速率最为明显,分别为0.863℃/10a和0.596℃/10a,并且在烤烟苗期、伸根期和旺长期气温都出现了突变,突变均发生在20世纪90年代和21世纪初期,均是由寒转暖的趋势;桑植烟区各生育期平均气温总体高于桂阳烟区,其中苗期上升速率最快,为0.547℃/10a,并且20世纪90年代苗期出现了突变,表明桂阳烟区烤烟苗期低温是影响烟苗培育的主要气候障碍因素。(2)桂阳烟区各生育期降水量变化趋势呈现伸根期下降、成熟期上升趋势,并且在20世纪90年代伸根期和成熟期出现突变点。桑植烟区各生育期平均年降水量比桂阳低,年度间变化小,并且不存在突变点,表明桑植烟区烤烟大田生长期的降水量是影响其烟叶产质量的主要气候障碍因素。Features of temperature and precipitation changes in the different growth period of flue-cured tobacco were studied by Linear trend function and Mann-Kendall mutation detective method based on data collected from Guiyang and Sangzhi tobacco tobacco-growing areas of Hunan province during 1981-2010.Results showed that：（1）The average temperature during all tobacco growth periods was on the rise in Guiyang; especially during seedling period and root extension period,it reached 0.863℃ /decade and 0.596℃ /decade respectively.In the 1990 s and early 21 st century,the temperature had a sudden change in seedling period,root extension period and vigorous growing period,which echoed the trend when climate temperature rose from low to high.The average temperature in the tobacco-growing area of Sangzhi was higher than that of Guiyang.The increasing rate in seedling period reached 0.547℃ /decade,but suffered a sudden change in the 1990 s,which showed that low temperature acted as the main climate factor affecting tobacco-seedling cultivation in tobacco-growing areas of Guiyang.（2）The precipitation in Guiyang had the trend of decreasing in root extension period and rising in vigorous growing period,and had a sudden change in root extension and mature period in 1990 s.The total amount of annual average precipitation during all tobacco growth periods in Sangzhi was lower than that in Guiyang.The average precipitation between each year varied slightly.This showed that the main factor affecting tobacco quality in Sangzhi tobacco growing areas was the amount of precipitation in growing period.

关 键 词：气温 降水量 烤烟 生育期 突变 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]