唐古特大黄“3414”施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究  

Use of the ‘3414’ fertilization design to determine optimal fertilization rates for Rheumtanguticum

作　　者：齐浩[1] 陈垣[1] 郭凤霞[1] 曹师[1] 郭志军 杨育峰 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室甘肃省中药材规范化生产技术创新重点实验室甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室农学院生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]陇西中天药业有限责任公司甘肃省特色药用植物资源保护与利用工程实验室甘肃省特色药材规范化可追溯栽培工程技术研究中心,甘肃定西748100 [3]卓尼县佛赐藏药材开发有限责任公司,甘肃甘南747000

出　　处：《草业学报》2015年第9期19-42,共24页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项唐古特大黄GAP种植及产业化开发(1102NKDP019);国家科技重大专项(2009ZX09308-002-1);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAI37B04);甘肃省中药材产业科技攻关项目(GYC09-06-03);国家药用植物种质保存与利用支撑平台的可持续发展--种质收集保存及数据库建设和甘肃农业大学教学研究等项目资助

摘　　要：采用"3414"施肥方案,研究不同氮、磷、钾配比对唐古特大黄产量及经济效益的影响,旨在为唐古特大黄合理施肥提供依据。结果表明,各施肥处理对唐古特大黄的产量和经济效益的影响表现依次为施肥>不施肥,NPK>P>N>K;两两互作对唐古特大黄产量、经济效益的影响表现为NP>PK>NK、PK>NP>NK。除高氮处理(N3P2K2)外,其余施肥处理条件下唐古特大黄总蒽醌含量均优于《中国药典》标准,总灰分及水分均达标。唐古特大黄施肥量与产量间的三元二次方程、二元二次方程和一元二次方程拟合结果均典型,能够较好的反应施肥量同产量、经济效益之间的关系。综合考虑,本试验条件下获得唐古特大黄最高产量施肥方案为氮74.06kg/hm2,磷55.07kg/hm2,钾36.56kg/hm2,产量可达12384.3kg/hm2。最佳经济施肥方案为氮73.33kg/hm2、磷54.58kg/hm2、钾36.37kg/hm2,产量为12012.6kg/hm2,经济效益为196126.0元/hm2。To determine the optimal fertilization program for Rheum tanguticum ,we evaluated the effects of different amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers on the yield and economic benefits of the plant,based on the ‘3414’fertilization design.Based on plant yields and economic benefits,the success of the fertilization treatments was ranked as follows:fertilized>non-fertilized,and NPK>P>N>K.The effects of pairwise interactions on yield and economic benefits,from strongest to weakest,were ranked as follows:NP>PK>NK and PK>NP>NK,respectively.In all treatments except for the excess N treatment,total anthra-quinone,total ash,and water content in the R.tanguticum roots met the standard of the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China.The data for plant yield and economic benefits under the different fertilizer treat-ments fitted well with ternary quadratic,binary quadratic,and simple quadratic equations.Therefore,these e-quations represented the relationships between fertilizer quantity and yield/economic benefits.Taken together, the results of this study show that the fertilization program producing the highest yield (12384.3 kg/ha)under the local experimental conditions was N 74.06 kg/ha,P 55.07 kg/ha,and K 36.56 kg/ha.The fertilization program resulting in the best economic benefits was N 73.33 kg/ha,P 54.58 kg/ha,and K 36.37 kg/ha,re-sulting in 12012.6 kg/ha of yield and 196126.0 yuan/ha of economic benefit.

关 键 词：唐古特大黄 “3414”肥料设计 施肥模型 经济效益 产量 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]