泥沙运动力学研究进展和前沿  

Research progress and frontiers of mechanics of sediment transport

作　　者：钟德钰[1,2] 张磊[3] 王光谦[4] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [4]青海大学,西宁810016

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2015年第5期52-58,共7页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379102)

摘　　要：介绍了泥沙运动力学的起源和发展历程,对泥沙运动力学中的不同理论方法进行归纳与评述。在此基础上,着重阐述了泥沙运动的动理学理论体系,包括基本理论方程以及其在颗粒与床面间的相互作用、床面泥沙的冲刷率、推移质输沙率以及悬移质输沙的运动特性等方面的应用。研究结果表明动理学理论能够准确描述泥沙颗粒的基本动力学特性。运用文献计量法了解泥沙研究的未来发展趋势,近年来以"bedload or suspended load"为关键词的文章数量持续增长,说明目前泥沙研究仍然保持着强劲的生命力;通过对期刊和学科分类的统计分析发现,泥沙运动与地貌等交叉学科的研究呈现出蓬勃发展的趋势。In this paper, the origin and development of mechanics of sediment transport are introduced, and different theories and methods with regard to the mechanics of sediment transport are reviewed. The kinetic theory of sediment transport, including the basic equations and their applications in the interaction between the sediment particles and bed surface, erosion rate of bed sediment, transport rate of bed load, and kinetic characteristics of suspended sediment transport, is examined. The results show that the kinetic theory can precisely describe the dynamic characteristics of sediment particles. In addition, the future development trend of sediment research is predicted with the bibliometrical method. The number of papers in which the key word is“bedload or suspended load” continues to increase, implying that sediment research still maintains strong vitality. Furthermore, through analysis of changes in the number of papers in different journals and on different subjects, it is found that study of the combined subject of sediment movement and geomorphology has displayed a trend of rapid development.

关 键 词：泥沙运动 动理学理论 动力学特性 二相流 研究进展 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]