离散旋转对称三角法及其应用  

Method of discrete type rotational symmetric triangulation and its applications

作　　者：张旭[1,2] 费凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学机电工程不自动化学院,上海200072 [2]上海市智能制造及机器人重点实验室,机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《光电子．激光》2015年第8期1526-1535,共10页Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51205244);机械系统与振动国家重点实验室基金(MSV2015010);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(14YZ006)资助项目

摘　　要：针对传统激光三角法在测量孔、台阶等表面丌连续处易导致精度下降或无法测量。这一问题,本文提出了离散式旋转对称三角法。首先,基于Scheimpflug条件提出了系统约束模型,建立了光斑点不高度映射模型;然后,对系统在不同深度情况下的成像特性进行了仿真,分析研究了系统在不同物体表面、倾斜和遮挡情况下的性能,验证了本方法在克服方向依赖性上的优势;最后,构建了原型系统,在机床上分别进行了单点测量实验和阶梯面测量实验。实验表明,本文系统具有0.027mm的测量精度,并且不受阶跃表面遮挡的影响,有效测量了阶梯角落区域,相对于接触式测量,具有更广泛的测量区域。Traditional laser triangulation measurement has a feature of directional dependence, so the method can lead to the accuracy decrease while measuring the discontinuous surfaces （hole plane, step plane,etc. ） or cannot measure them. This paper presents a discrete rotational symmetric triangulation system,where the incident laser is the rotation axis,and the emergent light （lenses and mirrors） and receiving sensor have the characteristic of circular pattern. Firstly, systemr s constraint model and light point ＆ height mapping model are established with the Scheimpflug condition. Secondly, this paper simu- lates the imaging feature in the condition of different depths, analyzes the performance of different sub- jectst surfaces when the surface is tilted or shaded, and verifies the superiority that the method can over- come the directional dependence. Finally, the paper establishes the prototype system and conducts the single-point and step plane experiments. Comparing the contact measurement, the experimental results show that the prototype system can measure the step plane well and has a long measurement range with 0.027 mm accuracy at least.

关 键 词：光学设计 离散旋转三角法 参数化设计 Zemax仿真 

分 类 号：TH741[机械工程—光学工程] O439[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]