双十字轴万向节转向传动轴的相位角影响分析  

Influence Analysis of Phase Angle of Double Cross Universal Joint Steering Transmission Shaft

作　　者：李宁[1,2] 李友荣[1] 周思柱[2] 曾运运[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [2]长江大学机械结构强度与振动研究所,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《机械传动》2015年第9期15-19,共5页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51374041)

摘　　要：针对汽车双十字轴万向节转向传动轴的安装空间受限,难以满足等速传动条件,需调整相位角来减小转速波动的问题,采用空间几何投影的方法,建立了双十字轴万向节转向传动轴的转速比和转角方程,并用等速条件验证了其正确性。定量分析了相位角对转速比的影响,结果表明,当两个传动角相等,且相位角等于传动面夹角时,输出轴与输入轴之间能实现等速传动;两个传动角不相等时,双十字轴万向节传动轴不能实现等速传动,但是,当相位角等于传动面夹角时,输出轴与输入轴之间的转速差最小。因此得出,传动轴相位角与传动面夹角相等且方向相反时,为最佳相位角。然后,推导出了基于转向系统硬点的最佳相位角求解公式,并编制了计算程序,通过实例验证了程序计算结果是准确的。分析结论和所编制的程序对汽车转向系统的设计以及其他类型万向节的传动研究具有理论和实际意义。Aiming at the problem of the installation space of double cross universal joint steering transmission shaft is limited, it is difficult to meet the condition of constant speed drive, and need to adjust the phase angle to reduce the rotating speed fluctuation, the rotating speed ratio and rotating angle equations of steering transmission shaft are established by means of spatial geometric projection method, and the equation is verified by using the constant velocity condition. The influence of phase angle on rotating speed ratio are quantitatively analyzed, the results show that the input shaft and output shaft can realize constant speed drive while two transmission angle are equal and the phase angle is equal to the transmission plane angle, and the double cross universal joint transmission shaft cant realize the constant speed drive while two transmission angle are not equal. However, the speed difference of input shaft and output shaft is the smallest while the phase angle is equal to the transmission plane angle. Therefore, this is the best phase angle when phase angle is equal to transmission plane angle and their phases are reversal. Then, the optimal solution formula of phase angle is deduced based on hard point of steering system and the computer program is compiled. The calculation result of the program is accurate by example verification. The conclusion and the program has theoretical and practical significance on system design of automobile steering and research on the transmission of other types universal joint.

关 键 词：相位角 等速传动 十字轴万向节 转向传动轴 硬点 

分 类 号：U463.216.2[机械工程—车辆工程]