降低日粮氮磷水平对仔猪生产性能、氮磷排放及粪便微生物的影响  

Effect of reduced nitrogen and phosphorus level in the die on performance,nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and fecal microorganism of piglets

作　　者：焦显芹[1] 崔锦[2] 孙俊伟[1] 李梦云[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南牧业经济学院,河南郑州450011

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2015年第4期476-481,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南农业大学科技创新团队项目(HUAHE2015005)

摘　　要：挑选60头体重(20.15±1.12)kg的杜长大三元杂交猪,随机分成3组,即对照组、低磷组、低氮低磷组,分别饲喂含17.5%粗蛋白质+0.60%磷、17.5%粗蛋白质+0.44%磷+0.1%植酸酶、15.10%粗蛋白质+0.44%磷+0.1%植酸酶+合成氨基酸日粮。试验期47 d,研究了日粮氮、磷水平对仔猪生产性能,氮磷排放及粪便微生物的影响。结果表明:(1)低氮低磷组平均日采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而试验各组间平均日增重和料肉比无显著差异。(2)低磷组、低氮低磷组食入氮、尿氮比对照组分别下降了16.67%(P<0.05)和25.61%(P<0.01),以及21.32%(P<0.05)和50.19%(P<0.01);粪氮、总氮排泄量、氮沉积也均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。低磷组、低氮低磷组食入磷、粪排泄磷、尿排泄磷和总排泄磷均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),磷利用率则极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)和对照组相比,低磷组大肠杆菌数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),低氮低磷组乳酸杆菌显著高于对照组,比对照组提高了5.11%(P<0.05),而大肠杆菌数量和p H值显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。降低饲粮中蛋白质和磷含量,通过添加植酸酶和氨基酸,可显著降低氮磷排放量,而不影响猪生产性能。The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of reduced nitrogen and phosphorus level in the diet on performance, nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and fecal microorganism of piglets. 60 pigs were randomly divided into control group, low-phosphorus（LP） , low nitrogen and low phos- phate group（LNP） , and were fed with corn-soybean meal diets containing 17.5% CP ＋0.60% P, 17.5 % CP ＋ 0.44% P ＋ 0.1% phytase, 15.10% CP ＋ 0.44% P ＋ 0.1% phytase ＋ AA. The trial lasted 47 d. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） Compared with the control group, the average daily intake signifieantly increased in LNP group pigs （P 〈 0.05 ） , but the daily gain and feed conversionthere had no significant difference among trial groups. （2）Daily intake nitrogen and urine nitrogen excretion of LP and LNP group were significantly reduced by 16.6% （P 〈0.05） and 25.61% （P 〈0.01 ）, 21.32% （ P 〈 0.05 ） and 50.19% （P 〈 0.01 ） respectively fecal nitrogen excretion, total nitrogenexcretion and nitrogen retention were also significantly lower than that of control group. Compared with the control group, the daily intake phosphate, fecal phosphate excretion, urinephosphate excretion, and nitrogen retention very significantly reduced in LP and LNP group pigs （P 〈 0.01 ） , and phosphorus utilization was also significantly reduced （P 〈 0.05 ）. （3） （3） Compared with the control group, escherichia co- li were significantly lower than those in LP group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Lactobacilli were significantly increased by 5.11% （P 〈 0.05） in LNP group pigs, and escherichia coli and pH were significantly reduced in LNP group pigs （P 〈 0.05 ）. These results show that the lower nitrogenand phosphate level supplemented with AA and phytase in the diet, reduced the excretion of nitrogen and phosphate, and had no significant influence on production performance.

关 键 词：仔猪 日粮氮磷水平 生产性能 粪便微生物 

分 类 号：S816.71[农业科学—饲料科学]