基于社会支持视角的农村居民健康素养及影响因素分析  

Analysis on rural residents health literacy and influence factors based on social support perspective

作　　者：韩志琰[1] 谷景亮[1] 赵芳[1] 马霞[1] 宋奎勐[1] 宋燕[1] 窦伟洁[1] 温楠[1] 高金武[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省医药卫生科技信息研究所/山东省软科学研究基地/山东省医学科学院,山东济南250062

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2015年第9期571-575,共5页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：山东省医学科学院基金(2013-41;2013-18);山东省软科学一般项目(2014RKC03018);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2014WS0320)

摘　　要：[目的]采用自行设计的健康素养调查问卷,从社会支持角度分析山东省农村居民健康素养及影响因素,为有针对性地制定相关政策提供科学依据。[方法]采用多级分层整群随机抽样,对山东省6个地区1096名16-85岁农村居民展开问卷调查。[结果]单因素分析发现,年龄、家庭人口规模、教育程度、婚姻状况及社会支持是山东省农村居民健康素养的影响因素。多因素分析发现,年龄、教育程度及社会支持是山东省农村居民健康素养的重要影响因素。年龄越低的农村居民健康素养水平越高（F=174.24,P〈0.01）;教育程度越高的农村居民健康素养水平越高（P〈0.01）;社会支持越大的农村居民健康素养水平越高（F=75.40,P〈0.01）,社会支持对健康素养影响的广义线性回归分析显示：社会支持系统客观支持越高的农村居民健康素养水平越高（F=11.47,P〈0.01）,利用度越大的农村居民健康素养水平越高（F=26.76,P〈0.01）。[结论]针对不同年龄及受教育程度群组,充分调动社会支持系统是提高山东省农村居民健康素养的重要措施。Objective By adopting the self-designed questionnaire, we analyzed the health literacy among rural residents and its influencing factors based on social support perspective, thus providing scientific evidence for oriented policy making.Methods 1096 （16 - 85 years old） rural residents in 6 districts of Shandong province were investigated, by multistage stratified cluster random sampling method.Results Single factor analysis found that, age, family size, education level and marital status were the influencing factors of health literacy of rural residents in Shandong province. On multivariate analysis, age, family population scale and education level were important influencing factors of health literacy among rural residents in Shandong province. Health literacy level of younger rural residents was higher （P〈0.01）; group with higher education background had higher health literacy score than those with lower education background（F=75.40,P〈0.01）; group with more social support had higher level of health literacy （F=75.40,P〈0.01）. Generalized linear regression analysis showed that group with more objective social support had higher level of health literacy （F=11.47, P〈0.01）; group with more utilization had higher health literacy （F=26.76,P〈0.01）. Conclusions Fully mobilizing social support system according to different age and education groups is an important measure to improve the health literacy of rural residents in Shandong province.

关 键 词：农村居民 社会支持 健康素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]