四明湖水库浮游动物群落演替  

Community Succession of Zooplankton in Siminghu Reservoir

作　　者：杨文[1] 万莉[1] 朱津永[1] 陆开宏[1] 徐镇[1] 王乃光 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院教育部应用海洋生物技术重点实验室,宁波315211 [2]余姚市四明湖水库管理局,宁波315430

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2015年第5期780-789,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(No.20123305110001);宁波市海洋与渔业专项资金项目(No.HK2012000116)

摘　　要：于2012年8月至2013年7月对四明湖水库水体理化特性以及浮游动物的种类、数量和生物量进行逐月采样调查，分析了水库的浮游动物群落特征及其影响因子。调查期间共检测到浮游动物150种，丰度198．0～7258．0ind／L，年平均3795．2ind／L，生物量0．28～5．64mg／L，年均值为1．11mg／L，浮游动物丰度和生物量空间差异不显著，但季节变化明显。对应分析（CA）和后续拟合表明，水温、叶绿素a、总磷、真光层深度、氨氮以及水位是驱动浮游动物结构变化的主要环境因子，各点的影响因子间存在空间差异性。对比24年前历史资料，发现四明湖水库浮游动物数量和生物量均减少，浮游动物出现小型化，推测认为是鱼类捕食的下行效应、蓝藻密度增加及蓝藻产生藻毒素增加影响浮游动物繁殖力所致。水质评价结果表明，四明湖水库目前处于中营养水平，但有向富营养型发展的趋势。In order to analyze the community structure of zooplankton and its influence factors in Siminghu Reservoir, the species and abundance of zooplankton and the physical-chemical factors were tracked monthly from August 2012 to July 2013. Total of 150 zooplankton species were identified in Siminghu reservoirs with the ranges of cell abundance and biomass 198.0 - 7 258.0 ind/L and 0.28 - 5.64 mg/L, respectively. Both of the abundance and biomass had a significant seasonal variation but no spatial difference （Fig. l, 2）. Correspondence analysis was used to demonstrate the relationship between the zooplankton community and the physical-chemical factors. The results showed that water temperature, chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, euphotic layer, ammonia nitrogen and water level were the dominant factors affecting zooplankton community structure （Table 2, Fig. 4）. Spatial differences existed in the dominant factors between the sample points. A decrease were found in the abundance and biomass and miniaturization in the size of zooplankton comparing with the date collected 24 years ago, which possibly resulting from top-down effect by fish predation and zooplankton fertility decline caused by the increase of cyanobacteria density and microcystin. The result of water quality evaluation indicates that the water in the reservoir is at a mesotrophic stage now, but possibly has the trend toward to eutrophic stage.

关 键 词：四明湖水库 浮游动物 群落特征 演替变化 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]