梁山慈竹化学成分的变异性  

Variation on Chemical Properties of Dendrocalamus farinosus

作　　者：杨喜 刘杏娥 杨淑敏 田根林 马建峰 

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2015年第9期41-44,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD23B01)

摘　　要：对梁山慈竹综纤维素、α-纤维素、木质素、聚戊糖、苯醇抽出物、冷水抽出物、热水抽出物、1%Na OH抽出物和灰分等9个化学成分指标及其随竹龄和竹高部位的变化情况进行了系统的研究。结果表明:梁山慈竹从2年生至5年生,综纤维素和4种抽出物质量分数表现减小的趋势;α-纤维素变化幅度极小;木质素和聚戊糖表现增大趋势,4年生时达到最大。除α-纤维素外,其他8项化学组分在4个竹龄上均表现极显著差异。基部综纤维素、α-纤维素和4种抽出物质量分数最高,木质素和聚戊糖质量分数最低。上部则完全相反,中部各化学成分质量分数居中。除α-纤维素和苯醇抽出物外,其他7项化学组分在竹高部位上均无显著性差异。梁山慈竹的综纤维素和α-纤维素质量分数低于硬头黄竹,略高于龙竹、撑绿杂交竹和车筒竹;4种抽出物和灰分质量分数略高于硬头黄竹,低于其他3种丛生竹。We studied the chemical compositions of holocellulose, α-cellulose, lignin, pentosan, benzene-alcohol extractive, water extractive, hot-water extractive, 1% of NaOH extractive and ash in Dendrocalamus farinosus, and their variations with bamboo age and culm height. The content of holocellulose decreased from two- to five-year old with no significant difference in a-cellulose, nevertheless significant difference in remaining compositions between five-year bamboos. Lignin and pentosan increased to four-year old and then falling with extreme value at four-year old, oppositely four kinds of extrac- tives and ash were slightly decreased to four-year-old and then increased. Along culm height, the contents of four kinds of extractives in base position reached maximum as well as holocellulose and c^-cellulose, while lignin and pentosan at the minimum. The contents of chemical compositions in upper position were just opposite to the base, middle position with al- most medium. There were significant differences in α-cellulose and benzene-alcohol extractives among three culm positions at 0.01 level. Holocellulose content in D. farinosus was lower than that in Bambusa rigida, and a little higher than that in Bamdusa pervariadilis×Grandis Nin, D. giganteus, and Bambusa sinospinosa. Four kinds of extractives and ash in D. fari- nosus were slightly higher than those in Bambusa rigid, but lower than those in other three sympodial bamboos.

关 键 词：梁山慈竹 化学成分 竹龄 竹高部位 

分 类 号：S795.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q946-3[农业科学—林学]