牛传染性鼻气管炎的流行与防控进展  

The Prevention and Control of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

作　　者：李程[1,2] 陈颖钰[3,4] 索朗斯珠[1] 郭爱珍[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学农牧学院动物科学学院,林芝60000 [2]华中农业大学动物医学院,武汉430070 [3]华中农业大学农业微生物学国家重点实验室,武汉4300708 [4]华中农业大学动物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2015年第17期40-43,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：高校博士点基金(20130146110003);现代农业(肉牛/牦牛)产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-38);现代奶业发展科技工程(2012BAD12B03-1-4)

摘　　要：牛传染性鼻气管炎是一种牛的接触性传染病,OIE将其列为必须通报的疫病之一。自1955年美国暴发牛传染性鼻气管炎后,欧洲、澳洲、亚洲、南美洲均有IBR暴发,呈世界性流行。我国于1980年首次分离鉴定出IBRV,自此后我国各地牛均有IBR感染的报道。现在瑞士、芬兰、丹麦、挪威等少数国家利用免疫、扑杀、检疫等手段已经根除了IBR,为我国防控提供了参考。但由于我国IBR阳性率高,扑杀阳性牛成本大,综合考虑经济等各方面的因素,"检疫-扑杀措施"我国不适用。但可通过实行"免疫-扑杀"措施,以达到降低IBR阳性率,控制IBR的目的。IBR is a cattle contagious disease, OIE listed it as reportable disease. After United States broke out bovine infectious bronchitis in 1955, Europe, Australia, Asia, South America have all had IBR outbreaking, the disease was endemic all over the world. IBRV was first isolated and identified in China in 1980. Since then, there have been reports of IBR infection all over the country. Till now, only few countries such as Switzerland, Finland, Denmark, Norway and others eradicated IBR by immunization, culling, quarantine and other methods. These experiences provided the basis for the prevention and control of our country. But due to the high positive rate of the IBR, culling all positive cattle is not applicable in China, but we can use the way to control IBR by immunization and culling.

关 键 词：牛传染性鼻气管炎 牛疱疹病毒I型 流行 根除 防控 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]