变应性鼻炎变应原皮肤点刺试验  

Analysis of allergens characteristic for patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhanjiang area

作　　者：周慧[1] 徐明锋[2] 黄雪琴[1] 张月飞[1] 姚俊[1] 江枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,广东湛江524001 [2]广东医学院基础医学院生理学教研室

出　　处：《中国现代医药杂志》2015年第7期16-19,共4页Modern Medicine Journal of China

基　　金：广东省湛江市科技攻关项目（编号：2011C3104019）

摘　　要：目的了解广东省湛江地区近4年来变应性鼻炎（allergicrhinitis，AR）患者的变应原分布状况，为AR的防治提供临床参考。方法2010年11月～2014年10月，针对有AR症状的患者行变应原皮肤点刺试验（skinpricktest，SFF）。分析各种变应原的致敏阳性率．以及致敏患者在年龄、易感类别和数量等方面的差异。结果全部2316例患者中SPT阳性率为72．02％，屋尘螨、粉尘螨为最主要变应原；不同年龄组变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义，其中3～9岁组狗上皮、猫上皮和霉菌的检出率均高于其他年龄组；变应原阳性的种类数在未成年人和成年人中分布的差异有统计学意义（r=93．581，P〈0．01）。成年人中对2类以上变应原过敏的比例要高于未成年人。结论尘螨为近4年来湛江地区AR患者的主要变应原，年龄较小者宠物皮毛类变应原阳性率较高，成年人更容易对多种变应原过敏。Objective To determine the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis during the past 4 years in Zhanjlang area,and provide clinical reference for prevention strategies of AR. Methods Patients with symptoms of allergic rhinitis were given skin prick test （SPT） from Nov 2010 to Oct 2014. Among the patients,the distribution of all allergens was analyzed. The positive rate was compared with age, categorization, and susceptible population. Results Among 2 316 individ- uals, the total positive rate of SPT was 72.02%. Dust mites were identified as the mostly responsible allergens. There was signifi- cant difference of variation with ages （X2=93.581 ,P〈0.01）,the highest rate was found in epithelia of dog and cat and mycetes from 3 to 9 years old. There was significant difference of the numbers of category between minor and adult group. The adult group was susceptible population that was vulnerable to more than 2 category allergens. Conclusion Dust mites are identified as the most common allergens among patients with allergic rhinitis during the past 4 years in Zhanjiang area. Children from 3 to 9 years old are more susceptible to the epithelial fur of pet and mycetes. The adults have the tendency to be allergic to a variety of allergens.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 变应原 皮肤点刺试验 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]