《中国近代地图志》海图篇编研初探  

Preliminary Explorations on the Compilation and Research of PRC's Modern Cartography Records Sea Charts Category

作　　者：梁迅[1] 齐清文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《中国地方志》2015年第7期40-47,63-64,共8页China Local Records

摘　　要：志书是根据主题思想取舍的资料性著述。用志书体裁撰写描述近代地图,可以提供给读者中国近代地图系列史料,方便查阅。直至20世纪中期,中国传统地图一直沿用着一图一志的图志合一体裁。《中国近代地图志》作为一种专业志书,将以完整、系统的资料以及深入浅出的分类记述,区别于已经出版的中国地图学史,中国近现代地图学史等地图史专著,演绎出编研中国近代地图志的意义与必要性。针对现代地图工作者编纂《中国近代地图志》所可能遇到许多困难,试编海图篇过程中重点探索了海图篇的编纂内容、方法与主导思想,力求其能全面系统地展示"明—清—民国(1949年前)"时期的海图面貌及其在航海与海防中的作用,并以代表性附图来佐证中国海疆主权及其管辖变化历程。本文总结了海图篇编写经验,分别介绍资料收集评估整理、海图篇内容与编纂方法、创新与应用初探等五部分,可供其他类型地图志编纂参考。Local records are writings of reference nature that take or leave out materials according to certain themes.Descriptions about modem cartology that are written in the style of local records can provide the readers with a series of historical materials about modern Chinese cartology that are easy to search and read.Until the middle of the 20 th century,traditional Chinese maps had been following the combined style of one map one record.Chinese Modern Cartology Records,as a set of specialized records,will be distinct from cartograhpy works already published such as PRC's cartography history and Chinese modern and contemporary cartography history,and display the significance and necessity to compile and research PRC's modern cartology records through comprehensive and systematic reference materials and simple explanations of profound ideas in categorized recordings.Against possible difficulties contemporary cartographers may encounter during compilation of PRC's Modern Cartology Records,the trial compilation of its sea charts category mainly explored the compilation contents,methods,and guiding thoughts,strived to comprehensively and systematically display the whole picture of sea charts during the 'Ming-Qing-Republican Period(before 1949)' and their roles in navigation and naval defence,and testified to PRC's sovereignty over her territorial seas and the process of administrative transformation through representative accompanying maps.This article summarizes the compilation experiences of the sea charts category,introduced separately its five parts including reference materials collection,evaluation,and sorting;sea charts category contents and compilation methods;and preliminary explorations on innovations and applications which can provide references for compilation of other types of cartology records.

关 键 词：志书 中国近代地图志 海图篇 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]