三峡水库香溪河鱼类资源现状及渔业管理建议  

THE CURRENT SITUATION OF FISHERY RESOURCES IN THE XIANGXI RIVER OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AND ADVICES ON THE MANAGEMENT

作　　者：赵莎莎[1,2] 叶少文[1] 谢松光[1,3] 程飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所中国科学院水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所淮安研究中心,淮安223002

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2015年第5期973-982,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国长江三峡集团公司科研项目(CT-12-08-01);国家自然科学基金项目(51209202);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2013T60764)资助

摘　　要：于2012—2013年对香溪河鱼类组成及资源量进行了周年季度调查,结合历史资料,分析了三峡水库成库前后香溪河鱼类资源的变动情况,以期为保护和利用三峡库区的鱼类资源提供依据。共采集鱼类48种,隶属于3目8科35属,以湖泊定居性鱼类为主;发现香溪河鱼类优势种是光泽黄颡鱼、鳙、鲢、达氏鲌、贝氏、大眼鳜、翘嘴鲌、瓦氏黄颡鱼、银、蛇;肉食性鱼类(达氏鲌、翘嘴鲌、大眼鳜等)占总渔获量的31.54%,生物量相对较高;对单位捕捞努力渔获量的调查显示,夏季日均单船渔获量最高,达到(69.45±46.61)kg/(船·d)。与历史记录比较,三峡水库成库后,香溪河的鱼类群落组成已经发生了显著变化,湖泊定居性鱼类成为优势种群。基于此次调查结果,文章提出了禁渔期调整、小型鱼类资源利用和肉食性鱼类合理放养等渔业管理建议。To protect the biodiversity in the Xiangxi River of the Three Gorges Reservoir and to develop strategies on fishery management, we analyzed the data about the fish resources collected from 2012 to 2013, and compared them with the historical records. The fish samples belonged to 3 orders, 8 families, 35 genera and 48 species, and the limni- colous species were the majority in the samples. The dominant fish species were Pelteobagrus nitidus, Aristichthys no- bilis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Culter dabryi, Hemiculter bleekeri, Siniperca kneri, Culter alburnus, Pelteobagrus vachclli, Squalidus argentatus and Saurogobio dabryi. Carnivores such as Culter dabryi, Culter alburnus and Siniperca kneri accounted for 31.54% of the total fish catches, indicating a relatively high biomass. The catch per unit effort （CPUE） was （69.45±46.61） kg/（per boat and per day） in the summer, which was the highest among all seasons. Accor- ding to the historical records, we found that the fish community in the Xiangxi River had undergone a marked change and the limnicolous species had become dominant after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Based on this study, we proposed strategies on the fishery management such as the adjustment of closed fishing season, the utilization of small-size fishes, and the proper stock of carnivores.

关 键 词：鱼类群落 优势种 渔业管理 香溪河 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]