制备工艺对高氮轴承钢强韧性的影响  

Effect of preparation processes on strength and toughness of high nitrogen bearing steel

作　　者：贾钰泽 杨卯生[2] 周晓龙[1] 曹建春[1] 郑善举[2] 郝宏伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]钢铁研究总院特殊钢研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁研究学报》2015年第7期62-67,共6页Journal of Iron and Steel Research

摘　　要：采用的高氮马氏体不锈轴承钢经非真空感应熔炼+电渣重熔双联工艺冶炼后,分别采用锻造成型、均匀化锻造和电渣重熔连续定向凝固+均匀化锻造3种工艺进行处理。对3种工艺下的碳化物和强韧性能进行了研究。结果表明,经锻造成型处理后,试验钢的抗拉强度达到2 056 MPa,屈服强度(Rp0.2)达到1 734 MPa,但冲击功仅有2J;经均匀化锻造后强度有所降低,但冲击功较前者提高了100%;经电渣重熔连续定向凝固+均匀化锻造后钢的强度较锻造成型时没有明显的变化,硬度由57.8 HRC升高至58.5 HRC,冲击功提高了200%。经过对夹杂物、原奥氏体晶粒和碳化物等组织进行分析后发现,这主要是由电渣重熔连续定向凝固提高了钢的纯净度和均匀化锻造使碳化物的分布更加弥散所致。After smelted by non-vacuum induction melting and electroslag remelting, the high nitrogen martensitic stainless bearing steel was treated by three processes： forging forming, homogenizing forging and ESR continuous directional solidification 4-homogenizing forging respectively. The measurement results show that the tensile strength and yield strength of the tested steel treated by forging forming are 2 056 and 1734 MPa, hut the impact energy is just 2J. Compared with that treated by forging forming, the strength of the steel treated by homogenizing forging decreases, but its impact energy increases by 100%. Compared with that treated by forging forming, the strength of the steel treated by ESR continuous directional solidification and homogenizing forging changes little, the hardness increases from 57.8 to 58.5HRC, but the impact energy increases by 200%. After tbe inclusions, prior austenite grain and carbides were analyzed, it is found that the increases of the hardness and the im- pact toughness are due to the increase of the purity of the steel caused by ESR continuous directional solidification and more diffuse distribution of carbides caused by homogenizing forging.

关 键 词：高氮马氏体不锈轴承钢 碳化物 强韧性能 纯净度 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TF764.1[金属学及工艺—金属材料]