济南地区铁路职工超重肥胖现况及其与高血压、高血脂和脂肪肝的关系  

Relationship between overweight/obesity and hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver among railway workers in Jinan

作　　者：温新欣[1] 许德江 刘肖辉[1] 宋少锋 吕艳朋[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南铁路疾病预防控制中心质量管理科,山东省济南250001

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2015年第8期588-591,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：济南铁路局科技研究开发计划课题(2013Z16)

摘　　要：目的了解济南地区铁路职工超重、肥胖的流行特征,分析超重、肥胖与高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝之间的关系,为提高铁路职工的健康水平提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2014年3-6月对济南地区20~59岁的铁路职工1 850人进行面对面询问调查和体格检查,应用logistic回归分析铁路职工超重肥胖状况与高血压、高血脂和脂肪肝的关系。结果济南地区20~59岁的铁路职工超重率为33.8%,肥胖率为11.9%。调整年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、吸烟、饮酒和睡眠等因素后,超重职工患高血压、高血脂和脂肪肝的危险性分别是正常体重职工的2.24倍（95%CI：1.57~3.19）、2.08倍（95%CI：1.37~3.16）和3.10倍（95%CI：2.27~4.23）,肥胖职工患高血压、高血脂和脂肪肝的危险性分别是正常体重职工的5.10倍（95%CI：3.34~7.77）、4.66倍（95%CI：2.92~7.44）和7.76倍（95%CI：5.29~11.36）。超重、肥胖的程度与高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝之间均为正相关,存在明显的剂量-效应关系,且存在性别差异,在男性中呈现了稳定的剂量-效应关系。结论超重和肥胖已成为影响济南地区铁路职工健康的重要公共卫生问题,是高血压、高血脂和脂肪肝的重要危险因素。应对超重和肥胖职工给予充分关注,进行综合干预,维持理想体重,控制肥胖的发生,减少慢性病危险因素,提高职工身体健康水平。Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among railway workers in Jinan, to analyze the relationship between overweight/obesity and hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver and to provide the scientific evidence for improving the health status of railway groups. Methods From March to June of 2014, total of 1 850 railway workers（20-59 years old） were selected from Jinan, using multi-stage stratified random sampling method for human investigation, which was performed with the questionnaire and physical examination. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between overweight/obesity and hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver railway workers. Results The morbidities of overweight and obesity were 33.8% and 11.9%. After adjusting age, education level, marriage, smoking, drinking and sleeping, the risk of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in railway workers with overweight was 2.24（95% CI： 1.57-3.19）, 2.08（95% CI：1.37-3.16） and 3.10（95%CI： 2.27-4.23） folds, as compared to railway workers with normal weight, and the risk of hypertension,hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in railway workers with obesity was 5.10（95%CI： 3.34-7.77）, 4.66（95%CI： 2.92-7.44） and 7.76（95% CI： 5.29-11.36） folds, as compared to railway workers with normal weight. The overweight and obesity were positively correlated with the hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver, there was a significant dose-effect and gender differences,the stable dose-effect appeared in males. Conclusion Overweight and obesity have become an important public health problem and been crucial risk factors for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver disease.

关 键 词：铁路职工 超重 肥胖 高血压 高血脂 脂肪肝 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]