嵌段高分子自乳化体系及其对超稠油的乳化性能  

Self-Emulsifying System with Block Polyarethane Nonionic Surfactants and the Viscosity Reduction of Super Heavy Oil by Emusification

作　　者：何延龙[1] 蒲春生[1] 郑伟林[2] 任杨[1] 董巧玲[1] 陈庆栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266555 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司孤东采油厂,山东东营257237

出　　处：《油田化学》2015年第3期387-391,共5页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项大型油气田及煤层气开发"低渗透油藏大功率谐振波--化学驱复合技术研究"(项目编号20011ZX05009-004);国家自然科学基金"低渗油藏低频振动辅助表面活性剂复合驱油机理研究"(项目编号51274229);国家自然科学基金"延时式可控高能气体压裂技术动力学机理研究"(项目编号51104173)

摘　　要：针对特超稠油开采难度大,乳化降黏过程困难的问题,提出了以嵌段高分子表面活性剂为核心的自乳化降黏体系。合成的高分子型非离子嵌段聚氨酯表面活性剂DBPS,其临界胶束浓度为2.71×10^(-6)mol/L。考察了引发剂(Na_2CO_3)加量,不同乳化剂与助表面活性剂对超稠油乳化效果的影响,通过正交实验优化了自乳化体系配方。结果表明,自乳化降黏体系最佳配方为:0.5%Na_2CO_3、0.5%DBPS、0.5%吐温80和0.6%聚乙二醇。自乳化体系与稠油混合后,形成较为分散的水包油型油水乳状液滴,乳化降黏率达98%以上。80℃时,乳状液沉降2.5 h后的脱水率达73%;70℃时,自乳化体系水溶液表面张力为27.02mN/m,自乳化体系水溶液与稠油的界面张力为0.0057 mN/m。Aimed at the difficulty of heavy oil development and the process of emulsification and viscosity reduction,the self-emulsifying system with polymer nonionic block polyurethane surfactants as the main agent was developed.The polymer nonionic block polyurethane surfactant（DBPS） was synthesized,and the critical micelle concentration was 2.71×10^-6mol/L.The effect of initiator（Na2CO3） dosage and different emulsifier and auxiliary surfactant on the emulsification and viscosity reduction of heavy oil was studied.The optimum formula was obtained by orthogonal test：0.5%Na2CO3,0.5%DBPS,0.5%Tween-80 and0.6%polyethylene glycol.After self-emulsifying system and heavy oil was mixed,dispersed oil-in-water emulsified oil droplets was developed.The emulsification viscosity reduction rate was above 98%,the dehydration rate reached 73%after 2.5 h sedimentation at 80℃,the surface tension of self-emulsifying solution was 27.02 mN/m at 70℃,and the interfacial tension between self-emulsifying system and heavy oil reduced to 0.0057 mN/m.

关 键 词：超稠油 自发乳化 聚氨酯 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TE869[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] TE39