几种炸药水下爆炸能量损失特性分析  

Research on the Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Explosives Underwater Explosion

作　　者：秦健[1,2] 艾东民 吴成[1] 安丰江[1] 段继[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081 [2]海军装备研究院,北京100161 [3]国营9343厂,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2015年第6期566-570,共5页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

摘　　要：针对炸药水中爆炸能量损失特性,通过水下爆炸试验,测定了TNT,RS211,RBUL,GUHL,RS3-4等水下爆炸时的超压、冲击波能、气泡能等冲击波性能参数.对试验结果进行相似分析,得到了超压以及冲击波能的衰减规律,同时分析了装药的水下爆炸的能量输出结构及其能量损失特性.结果表明,RS211和RS3-4具有较高冲击波超压峰值,而RBUL、GUHL衰减较为缓慢,RBUL、GUHL水下爆炸能量可到达约1.8倍TNT当量.5kg炸药水下爆炸时,在0~3m处,总能量损失Δed呈现抛物线形式的增长;在3m之后呈现线性增长;5m之后为理想冲击波状态.To analyze the energy dissipation characteristics of explosives underwater explosion, the performance parameters of underwater shock wave generated from explosive TNT, RS211, RBUL, GUHL were studied. The pressure-time curves of underwater shock wave were obtained experimentally from difference distances at far field of underwater explosion. The attenuation of peak pressure, shock wave energy and bubble energy were calculated. The energy dissipation characteristics of explosives were also analyzed for the far field of underwater explosion. The results show that the peak pressure of explosive RS211 and RS3-4 is comparatively high, the energy attenuation velocity of explosive RBUL and GUHL is relatively slow than that of the explosives researched in the paper, the underwater explosion energy of RBUL and GUHL can be 1.8 times as TNT equivalent. When 5 kg explosive explodes underwater, its total heat energy loss increases in a parabola form at the 0 -3 m field, increases linearly over 3 m field, and the energy dissipation effect can be neglect beyond 5 m.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 冲击波能 冲击波衰减 能量损失 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]