从“汶川模式”到“芦山模式”——灾后重建的自组织更新方法演进  

TOWARDS A SELF-ORGANIZATION MODE: CASE STUDIES ON POST-EARTHQUAKE RECONSTRUCTION PLANNING IN WENCHUAN AND LUSHAN

作　　者：刘玮[1] 胡纹[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2015年第9期27-32,共6页City Planning Review

摘　　要：分析比较我国2008年汶川地震和2013年芦山地震的灾后重建规划方法,发现在经历了5年的发展和变革之后,灾后重建逐步从单中心的统规统建模式走向多中心的统规自建模式,这种规划方法的转型预示着规划制度从它组织向自组织演进。具体而言,通过对比两次灾后重建的模式,从规划组织途径的转型、规划战略的调整和灾后重建模式多样化三个方面阐述了规划方法向自组织演进的趋势,试图寻找以制度创新来解决传统规划方法失效困境的可能性,最后得出结论:引起制度变迁的关键要素是村民基层自建组织的建立和完善。This paper compares the reconstruction planning approaches taken after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2013 Lushan earthquake in China. It finds that the there is an institutional transformation over the five- year period, from single-centered construction to multi-centered construction, implying a dynamic change from top-down administration towards self- organization. Specifically, through a comparison on the reconstruction modes between Wenchuan （top-down administration） and Lushan （self- organization）, an analysis is conducted from the following three aspects, namely the transformation of organization system planning, the adjustment of planning strategy and the diversification of post- disaster reconstruction modes. The paper attempts to investigate the possibility of adopting institutional innovation to solve the problems related to the ineffectiveness of traditional planning approaches. It concludes that only when grass-roots organizations have been established and improved can the institutional change take place.

关 键 词：灾后重建 制度变迁 自组织 规划方法 产权 

分 类 号：TU984.114[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]