夯筑土体风蚀损化效应及加固保护试验研究  

Experimental study on the effects of wind erosion and reinforcement for the rammed soil

作　　者：毛筱霏[1] 赵冬[1] 张卫喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学理学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期555-559,共5页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2011JQ1013);陕西省教育厅专项科研项目(14JK1440)

摘　　要：在我国西北干旱地区,由于干燥、风沙等自然环境因素的作用,风蚀损化是土建筑遗址破坏的主要因素之一.基于新疆吐鲁番高昌故城遗址保护工程的现场勘察与试验结果,针对典型的风蚀病害,分析了土体风蚀损化的演变机理,在土体物理、化学等材性试验的基础上,设计了针对夯土墙体的风洞、电镜微结构分析试验.研究结果表明,对于高昌故城夯土材料,SiO_2含量占到58.31%,土体间粘性介质相对较少,另外,Cl^-、Na^+、Ca^(2+)离子的含量较多,盐分在地下毛细水和包气带水上移、雨水冲刷下移等因素作用下迁徙也会加剧土体的风蚀损化效应;以有机硅改性丙烯酸乳液喷涂渗透加固土样,通过风洞、微结构观测试验,携沙风中沙粒的磨损效应是遗址风蚀损化的主要原因,通过风的类型、风速、吹蚀时间以及加固土样与原状土样风蚀前后微结构特征参数等因素的对比,可见采取土体表层喷涂加固的方式可有效降低风蚀损化效应的进程.As the affection of drying,wind and other natural factors,wind erosion is one of the major damage factors for earthen architecture sites in the northwest arid or semi-arid region of China.Based on the survey and measuring for the protected project in Gaochang Ruins,the evolution mechanism of wind erosion was analyzed for the typical disease.On the basis of physics,chemistry and others tests,wind tunnel and electron microscopy tests were designed to analysis the rammed wall.The results showed that Si02 content account for 58.31%in rammed soil,and so the viscous medium between soil particles was less.On the other hand,the ion content of soluble salt were more,just as Cl-、Na＋ and Ca2＋.As the salt migrate under the effect of capillary water,the effect of wind erosion increased obviously.Through the wind tunnel and microstructure observation tests,test results shown that the net wind had no affection on the site soil.And the abrasion effect of sand in wind was the major reason of wind erosion for earthen site.By comparing the type,speed of wind,the micro-structural characteristics and other factors between reinforced soil and undisturbed soil,it is obvious that spraying reinforcement to the surface soil can effectively reduce the processes of wind erosion.

关 键 词：土建筑遗址 风蚀损化 喷涂加固 

分 类 号：TU43[建筑科学—岩土工程]