钠化焙烧水浸法从废催化剂提取钒、钼、铝  

Extracting V,Mo,Al from Spent Catalyst by Soda Roasting Water Leaching

作　　者：邵延海[1] 徐淑安 李明明[1] 蒋丰祥 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《稀有金属》2015年第9期826-830,共5页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51204079);云南省科技厅应用基础研究计划项目(2010ZC021)资助

摘　　要：废催化剂是一类重要的含镍、钴、钒、钼、铝等有价金属的二次资源,对其进行综合回收利用,不仅可以减少金属的流失,也可以减轻对环境的污染,具有重要的经济和环境意义。通过对废催化剂主要成分及钠化焙烧过程中主要反应和生成物在80℃水中溶解度的分析,确定采用钠化焙烧水浸法提取钒、钼、铝,考察碳酸钠用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间对提取过程的影响。实验结果表明,废催化剂钠化焙烧的最佳条件为:碳酸钠用量84%、温度1000℃、时间30 min,在上述条件下,钒、钼、铝的浸出率分别达到97.22%,99.68%,95.56%,浸出效果理想。钠化焙烧过程实现了钒、钼、铝向相应的可溶钠盐转化,水浸过程实现了钒、钼、铝与镍、钴等其他元素的分离。与其他工艺相比,钠化焙烧水浸法具有浸出率高、组分简单等优点。镍、钴向氧化物的转化及大量氧化铝的溶出,为进一步采用酸法从水浸渣中回收镍、钴创造了有利条件,符合现代二次资源综合回收利用和避免环境污染的要求。Spent catalyst is an important secondary resource containing nickel, cobalt, vanadium, molybdenum and aluminum. Comprehensive recovery of spent catalyst has important economic and environmental significance for reducing the loss of valuable metals and environment pollution. Based on the analysis of the main components of spent catalyst, main chemical reactions and the solubility of reaction products at 80 ℃, soda roasting water leaching was adopted to extract vanadium, molybdenum and alumina from spent catalyst, and the effects of soda addition, roasting temperature and roasting time on the extraction of metals were researched. The results showed that the satisfactory leaching rates of vanadium, molybdenum and aluminum reached 97.22% , 99.68% and 95.56% , respectively, under the optimum condition of soda addition of 84% , roasting temperature of 1000℃ and roasting time of 30 min. Vanadium, molybdenum and aluminum were transformed into corresponding soluble sodium salts in the roasting process and were separated with other elements in the water leaching process. Compared with other methods, fewer components in leaching liquor and high leaching rates of metals were the advantages of soda roasting water leaching method. Moreover, the dissolution of alumina and the transformation of nick- el and cobalt to their oxides made a positive meaning, which was very important for the later recovery of nickel and cobalt from leaching residue by acid leaching. The technique met the requirements of modem integrated recycling and environment pollution reducing for secondary resources.

关 键 词：钠化焙烧 水浸 废催化剂 氧化铝 

分 类 号：TE992[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]