氧化铷熟矿的碱浸出  

Leaching Rubidium Oxide Hydrated Ore in Alkaline Solution

作　　者：杨少华[1] 谢宝如[1] 王君[1] 赖晓晖[1] 王浩然[1] 房孟钊 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀有金属》2015年第9期861-864,共4页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51164013)资助

摘　　要：研究了从低品位铷矿中回收铷的工艺流程,试图提高铷回收率、降低生产成本。将经过焙烧处理的氧化铷熟矿用苛性碱溶液浸出氧化铷,浸出液为铷盐溶液,在浸出过程中研究Na OH浓度、温度、浸出时间、液固比及碱液循环次数对氧化铷浸出率的影响。研究结果表明:Rb2O浸出率随着碱浓度增加而增大,当碱液浓度达到0.125 mol·L-1时,Rb2O浸出率达到80%以上;温度从20℃升高到80℃时,Rb2O浸出率从62%增加到90%,但温度从40℃升高到80℃时,Rb2O浸出率维持在91%左右;随着浸出时间、液固比的增加,Rb2O浸出率也不断增大,当浸出时间超过5 min及液固比大于4时,Rb2O浸出率低于92%;碱液循环浸出熟矿4次以内时,Rb2O浸出率不变,大于4次浸出率逐渐下降。在Na OH浓度为0.125 mol·L-1、浸出温度为40℃、液固比为4∶1、浸出时间为5 min、碱液循环浸出氧化铷熟矿4次的条件下,氧化铷浸出率达90%。该工艺为工业化生产提供基础理论依据。The process of rubidium recovery from low grade rubidium ore was studied, and the efforts were made to improve rubidium recovery rate and decrease production cost. The caustic alkali solution was used to leach hydrated rubidium oxide ore and the leaching liquid was rubidium salt solution. The influences of concentration of NaOH, temperature, leaching time, liquid-solid ratio and alkali liquor cycle time on the leaching rate of rubidium oxide were studied during the process. The results showed that the leaching rate of rubidium increased with the alkali concentration increasing. As the alkali concentration went up to 0. 125 mol·L-1 Rb2O leaching rate reached above 80%. When the temperature rose from 20 to 80 ℃, the Rb20 leaching rate increased from 62% to 90%. However, it maintained at about 91% when the temperature increased from 40 to 80 ℃. With the increase of leaching time and liquid-solid ratio, the Rb2O leaching rate was improved. When the leaching time was more than 5 min and the liquid-solid ratio was more than 4, the RbzO leaching rate was less than 92%. When the leaching cycle was less than 4 times, the Rb2O leaching rate remained unchanged, and it decreased gradually when the cycle was more than 4 times. The leaching rate of rubidium oxide could reach 90% with the alkali concentration of 0. 125 mol·L-1 , the leaching temperature of 40 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of 4： 1, the leaching time of 5 min and the alkali leaching cycle of 4 times. These results provided theoretical basis for industrial production.

关 键 词：氧化铷熟矿 铷盐 碱浸出 浸出率 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]