青海省东北部冰雹云提前识别及预警研究  

Investigation on Early Identification and Warning of Hail Clouds in the Northeast of Qinghai Province

作　　者：康晓燕[1] 金惠瑛[1] 马玉岩[1] 韩辉邦[1] 张博越 

机构地区：[1]青海省人工影响天气办公室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2015年第18期250-252,260,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：利用2008—2012年西宁雷达资料和探空资料对冰雹和强降水天气的物理量和雷达参数特征进行了对比分析。结果表明:1较强的低空垂直风切变有利于降雹天气生成,较低的0℃层和-20℃层高度也是利于冰雹云形成的重要参数。2所有冰雹云的组合反射率均≥55 d Bz,占75%在60~65 d Bz之间;降雹时回波顶高均在9 km以上,其中回波顶高≥11 km的冰雹云占90%;当冰雹天气出现时,大部分雹云的最大垂直液态含水量≥25 kg/m^2,其比例为80%,最高可达40 kg/m^2。3利用45 d Bz回波顶高可较好地识别冰雹云,当强回波高度达到8.0 km时预示有冰雹出现,其临界成功指数达85%。The physical quantity and radar parameters characteristics of hail and strong precipitation weather in Xining were contrastively analyzed with radar data and sounding data from 2008 to 2012.The results show that ：①When wind shear was stronger, the high of 0 ℃ and -20 ℃ wre lower, the production probability of hail weather was bigger.②All convective clouds,which come into hail,had an combined reflectivity ≥ 55 dBz, and 75%of the combined reflectivity were between 60-65 dBz.all the top high of echo were above 9 km, and 90% of the top high of echo of hailstorm clouds were 11 km or greater.There were 80% of hailstorm clouds which the maximum vertical liquid water content was more than 25 kg/m2 in proportion to all hailstorm clouds and the biggest reaches 40 kg/m2.②The hail clouds could be distinguished from strong convective clouds through echo height of the 45 dBz.When the height of the strong echo reaches 8.0 km,the hail will emerge with the 85%.

关 键 词：冰雹 探空资料 雷达参数 预警 青海省东北部 

分 类 号：P482[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]