老年鼻出血患者情况调查及危险因素分析  

Investigation and risk factors analysis of elderly patients with epistaxis

作　　者：张雪琳[1] 景阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省人民医院统计室,西安710000 [2]陕西省人民医院耳鼻喉科,西安710000

出　　处：《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》2015年第8期105-107,共3页Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)

摘　　要：目的 对老年鼻出血患者进行调查分析,总结老年人鼻出血的原因及相关危险因素.方法 采用问卷方式对本院耳鼻喉科门诊就诊的120 例老年鼻出血患者（病例组）进行调查,并按照1 ︰ 1 比例另选本院耳鼻喉科门诊就诊的120 例非鼻出血老年患者作为对照组,分析老年鼻出血患者的临床特征及危险因素.结果 老年鼻出血患者主要分布于71 ～ 80 岁年龄段,男性多于女性;冬季患病人数构成比最高,其次为春季;出血部位主要为鼻中隔利特尔区,合并一种或多种疾病的患者比例为67.50%.病例组患者伴随疾病中血液病、高血压、鼻部炎症、糖尿病、鼻中隔利特尔区偏曲、鼻咽部肿瘤的发生率均显著高于对照组（P 〈 0.05）.血液病、高血压、鼻部炎症、鼻中隔利特尔区偏曲、鼻咽部肿瘤是老年鼻出血的危险因素.结论 老年人群鼻出血好发于71 ～ 80 岁年龄段,春、冬季发病率较高,伴随血液病、高血压、鼻部炎症、鼻中隔利特尔区偏曲、鼻咽部肿瘤是老年鼻出血的危险因素.Objective To investigate and analyze the basic situation for elderly patients with epistaxis and to explore the reasons and related risk factors. Method 120 cases of elderly patients with epistaxis(patients group) in our hospital were investigated by questionnaire and 120 cases of elderly people without epistaxis were selected as control group at the ratio of 1:1. The clinical characteristics and risk factors for epistaxis were explored. Result Most epistaxis patients were aged from 70 to 80 years old, male were more than female. The incidence of epistaxis was highest in winter, followed by in spring. The mainly bleeding area was the nasal septum little area; patients with one or more diseases was 67.50%. Patients group with hematopathy, hypertension, nasal inflammation, diabetes, nasal septum little area deviation, nasopharyngeal tumor were significantly higher than control group(P < 0.05). Hematopathy, hypertension, nasal inflammation, nasal septum little area deviation, nasopharyngeal tumor were the risk factors of epistaxis. ConclusionEpistaxis occurs in the elderly aged 71 ~ 80 and the incidence is higher in spring and winter. Hematopathy, hypertension, nasal inflammation, nasal septum little area deviation, nasopharyngeal tumor are the risk factors for elderly patients with epistaxis.

关 键 词：老年 鼻出血 危险因素 

分 类 号：R765.23[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]