中国交强险2007版NCD系统的公平与效率——兼与1995年NCD系统的比较研究  

Assessment of Fairness and Efficiency for No-Claim Discount System of Compulsory Liability Insurance for Motor Vehicle Accidents in China

作　　者：汪桂霞[1] 粟芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学金融学院,上海200433

出　　处：《保险研究》2015年第7期36-48,共13页Insurance Studies

摘　　要：无赔款优待系统（NCD）是车险定价中的重要部分，其目的在于通过给被保险人施以与风险相当的费率，从而起到激励其降低风险的作用，即公平与效率兼具。本文对2007年版交强险NCD系统的效率性和公平性进行了分析，并与1995年系统进行了比较研究。其中，用交通事故率作为衡量效率性的指标，用“好司机”与“差司机”的赔付率差异作为衡量公平性的指标，并基于1996—2013的交通事故统计数据进行了评价。分析结果表明，2007版NCD系统比1995版系统更加具有效率性，能不断降低交通事故率，但其效率性在逐渐减弱；两个NCD系统均不公平。最后，本文建议在2007版NCD系统的基础上设置更多的保费层次、降低层级之间的差异、加大优惠力度与惩罚力度，这样才能使其充分具有效率性和公平性，实现理论上的目标。No-Claim Discount （NCD） is one of the important components in Auto insurance pricing. It can encourage people to drive carefully and decrease the probability of accident by imposing different price for different insured compatible with their individual risk levels. It means that NCD should strike a balance between fairness and efficiency. In this article, the fairness and efficiency of 2007 NCD were analyzed, and were compared with that of 1995 NCD. The probability of traffic accident was used to measure efficiency and the differences of claim ratio from ＂good driver＂ and ＂bad driver＂ were used to measure fairness. The traffic accidents of 1996 -2013 were used to help with the conclusion in this article. The results showed that,2007 NCD was more efficient than 1995 NCD, which could decrease the probability of traffic accidents continually, but the efficiency was decreasing as 2007 NCD has been used for seven years. Both of them were lack of fairness. At last, some suggestions to improve 2007 NCD were discussed. There should be more premium levels, the difference between each level should be smaller, and more discounts should be given to ＂good driver＂ and more punishment should be given to ＂bad driver＂. In this way, NCD can realize the efficiency and fairness in theory.

关 键 词：无赔款优待 效率性 公平性 

分 类 号：F840.63[经济管理—保险]