可熔融丙烯腈-N-乙烯基咪唑共聚物及纤维的制备与性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Melt Processable Acrylonitrile-N-vinylimidazole Copolymers and Fiber

作　　者：韩娜[1] 李慧慧[1] 李传宝[1] 张兴祥[1] 李伟[1] 王栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院,改性与功能纤维天津市重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2015年第10期2073-2080,共8页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:21206123);教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(批准号:20111201120001);博士后面上基金(批准号:2014M551026);天津市应用基础与前沿计划重点项目(批准号:13JCZDJC32100);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划青年基金(批准号:13JCQNJC02300);山东省博士后创新专项资金(批准号:201402011)资助~~

摘　　要：采用自由基溶液聚合法制备了不同投料摩尔比的丙烯腈（AN）-N-乙烯基咪唑（VIM）共聚物[P（AN-co-VIM）].将n（AN）∶n（VIM）为82∶18和80∶20的P（AN-co-VIM）共聚物于210-220℃熔融纺丝制备了P（AN-co-VIM）初生纤维.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振（1H NMR）谱、差示扫描量热分析、X射线衍射分析和热台显微镜对P（AN-co-VIM）共聚物的组成、热力学和结晶行为进行了表征.结果表明,自由基溶液聚合法可成功制备P（AN-co-VIM）共聚物,当VIM的摩尔分数大于10%时,共聚物具有可熔融加工性.随着VIM摩尔分数的增加,共聚物的熔点降低,当VIM含量为20%时,共聚物的熔点从317℃降低至180℃,其分解温度最高为313.7℃.扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和电子单纤维强力测试.结果表明,纤维的表面光滑,断面结构致密,初生纤维的断裂强度为1.58 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为11.2%,有望广泛应用于碳纤维领域.Polyacrylonitrile（ PAN） and acrylonitrile（ AN）-N-vinylimidazole（ VIM） copolymers[abbreviated as P（ AN-co-VIM） ]with various n（ AN） ∶ n（ VIM）（ 93 ∶ 7—80 ∶ 20） were synthesized by free-radical solution copolymerization in dimethyl formamide（ DMF）. The P（ AN-co-VIM） copolymers（ 82 ∶ 18 and 80 ∶ 20）possessed good melt processability, which were melt spun at the temperature of 210—220 ℃. The crystallinity,thermodynamics behavior and the composition of P（ AN-co-VIM） copolymers were studied and characterized by ubbelodhe viscosimeter,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（ FTIR）,nuclear magnetic resonance（1H NMR）,differential scanning calorimetry（ DSC）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD） analyses and hot stage microscope. The results revealed that P（ AN-co-VIM） could be synthesized successfully by free-radical solution copolymerization. P（ AN-co-VIM） could be melt processable as VIM molar fraction is higher than10%. The melting temperature of P（ AN-co-VIM） shifts continuously to the lower temperature with the comonomer contents increasing. When the molar fraction of VIM is increased to 20%,the melting point of P（ AN-co-VIM） copolymer reduced from 317 ℃ to 180 ℃. The highest decomposition temperature is 313. 7 ℃.The apparent morphology and mechanical properties of the P（ AN-co-VIM） fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope（ SEM） and single fiber electronic tensile strength test. The results show that the fibers have smooth surface and compact cross section. As-spun P（ AN-co-VIM） fiber gets the fracture strength of1. 58 c N / dtex and the elongation at break attained 11. 2%. After post-treatment,the fiber is expected to be widely used in the field of carbon fiber.

关 键 词：丙烯腈 N-乙烯基咪唑 溶液聚合 熔融纺丝 纤维 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学] TQ342.3[理学—化学]