一种三级式电机转子初始位置估计技术  

An Initial Rotor Position Estimate Technique on Three-stage Aviation Brushless Synchronous Machines

作　　者：彭纪昌[1] 刘卫国[1] 马鹏[1] 毛帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学自动化学院,陕西省西安市710072

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2015年第19期5069-5077,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51277152)~~

摘　　要：随着多电飞机、全电飞机的高速发展,三级式航空无刷同步电机因兼顾高功率密度及功率因数可调等优势得到广泛应用。由于三级式电机中主发电机的凸极特性,转子磁场位置的变化会影响定子铁芯的饱和程度,从而造成定子电感值的变化。该文分析了三级电机饱和状态下电感值的变化规律,并在此基础上利用主发电机的凸极特性,采用脉冲式电压注入法进行转子位置的检测。在实际应用中,三级式电机在起动时采用单相交流励磁方式产生励磁电流,导致主发电机励磁电流产生较大脉动,该脉动信号的干扰使传统的定位方法难以准确估计出转子初始位置。该文通过对励磁机输出特性的分析,建立集励磁机和主发电机的一体化数学模型,提出采用傅里叶算法对响应电流数据进行分析,以获取转子初始位置的方法。实验结果表明,该文方法能够有效消除励磁机脉动干扰,实现转子位置的精确定位,同时该文算法计算量较低,易于在嵌入式系统中实现。Along with the fast development of more electric aircrafts （MEA） and all electric aircrafts （AEA）, the three-stage aviation brushless synchronous machines are widely used, which adopt the brushless structure and combine the merits of high power density and adjustable magnetic fields at the same time. According to saliency of the main generator of three-stage brushless synchronous machines, the information of rotor position is implied in performances of stator inductances due to the magnetic saturation effect. This paper studied the variation of inductances then estimated the initial rotor position of main generators by injecting modulated pulse voltage vectors. The three-stage aviation brushless synchronous machines are excited by single-phase AC during the starting period. The excitation current of the main generator contains severe pulsating components, thus the traditional methods can not accurately locate the initial position angle of the rotor. An initial rotor position estimation method in which Fourier analysis method was adopted to analysis the response currents was proposed, based on the analyze of the output characteristics of the exciter and the research of the integration model considering the exciter and the main generator in the starting period. The experimental results show that the proposed method can exclude the pulsation of exciter currents, therefore an initial rotor position angle is gained more reliably and efficiently.

关 键 词：三级式航空无刷同步电机 转子初始位置 单相交流励磁 电感饱和效应 励磁脉动 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]