乙醇柴油发动机排放颗粒组织形貌与化学成分分析  

Morphology and Chemical Composition of Particles of Diesel Engine Fueled With Ethanol-Diesel

作　　者：胡鹏[1] 孙平[1] 梅德清[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2015年第5期69-73,共5页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50976051);江苏省研究生创新计划项目(CXZZ12_0675);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(苏政办发〔2011〕6号)

摘　　要：运用扫描电子显微分析仪(SEM)、PHO EN-TX60S-X射线能谱仪和Euro Vector EA3000有机元素分析仪对柴油机燃用乙醇柴油时排放颗粒物特征进行试验分析,研究了柴油中掺混乙醇比例及助溶剂对乙醇柴油燃烧颗粒组织形貌和化学成分的影响。研究结果表明:乙醇柴油燃烧颗粒中C、H质量分数降低,组织形貌与原机呈现出不同的特征,从疏松多孔的海绵状向松散的块状分布转变。由于乙醇柴油是含氧燃料,其燃烧颗粒采样滤纸的SEM图中呈现清晰的纤维轮廓线。与柴油颗粒相比,E6(S)、E11(S)和E11(C)燃烧颗粒中C元素分别降低15.70%、25.30%和25.55%,H元素分别降低了2.26%、8.06%和10.32%。随着乙醇掺混比增加,纤维交叉处出现较多弧形过渡的膜状物质,且颗粒轮廓变得模糊。复配乳化剂使乙醇柴油燃烧颗粒采样滤纸的SEM图中的纤维轮廓和PM轮廓更为清晰。E6(S)、E11(S)和E11(C)燃烧颗粒物样品中S元素含量低于柴油,柴油机燃用乙醇柴油有利于降低硫酸盐颗粒。The particulate characteristics of diesel engine fueled with ethanol-diesel were analyzed by using the scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive ray analysis （PHO EN-TX60S-X） and Euro Vector EA 3000 elemental analyzer. The effects of ethanol content in the blend and booster solvent on the morphology and chemical composition of particulates were investigated. The results show that the content of carbon and hydrogen elements in PM decreases and the morphology changes from porous sponge to loose blocks and the outlines of fibers in the filter paper are clearer when the engine is fueled with ethanol- diesel. Compared with 0~ diesel, the mass amount of C in the PM from E6（S）, Ell（S） and Ell（C） are respectively reduced by 15.70%, 25.30% and 25.55%, the mass amount of H in the PM from E6（S）, Eli （S） and Ell（C） are respectively reduced by 2. 26%, 8.06% and 10. 32%. More membranous substance appears at the junction of fibers in the filter, and the outline of PM is thickened with increased ethanol in the blend. The outlines of PM and fibers in the filter paper are clearer when the engine is fueled with ethanol- diesel by OP4/Span80 compound surfactants. The sulfur element in the PM from E6（S）, Ell （S） and Eli （C） is lower than that from diesel. The sulfate particulate is reduced when diesel engine is fueled with ethanol-diesel.

关 键 词：内燃机 柴油机 乙醇柴油 颗粒 形貌 化学成分 

分 类 号：TS411[农业科学—烟草工业]