旱地宽窄行种植对春玉米冠层结构、光合特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Wide and Narrow Row Cultivation on Canopy Structure,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Spring Maize of Dryland

作　　者：冯瑞云[1] 王慧杰[2] 闫贵云[1] 郭峰[1] 高伟[1] 陈稳良[1] 李广信[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,山西太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2015年第5期80-84,共5页Crops

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(2013011039-1);山西省农科院博士基金(YBSJJ1304);山西省农科院攻关项目(2012ygg42)

摘　　要：以紧凑型玉米品种先玉335和平展型玉米品种富友9号为试验材料,连续两年在山西省阳曲县开展宽窄行种植和均匀行种植对旱地春玉米冠层结构、光合特性以及产量影响的研究。试验结果表明,两种种植方式先玉335叶向值均大于富友9号;先玉335群体内透光性较好,下部叶片的Chla/Chlb高于富友9号叶片的,有利于改善中下部叶片的受光状况;宽窄行种植下部叶片的光合速率(Pn)高于均匀行种植;宽窄行种植上部叶片与中部叶片的气孔导度(Gs)高于均匀行种植。紧凑型品种先玉335采用宽窄行种植的最佳密度为67 500株/hm2,产量可达11 485.63kg/hm2;平展型品种富友9号宽窄行种植的最佳密度为52 500株/hm2,产量达10 941.03kg/hm2。Maize varieties Xianyu 335 and Fuyou 9 were used as materials to explore the effects of wide and narrow row cultivation and equal row cultivation on canopy structure, photosynthetic characteristics and yield in spring maize of dryland for two consecutive years. The result showed that the leaf orientation characteristics of close-leaf variety Xianyu 335 were bigger than loose-leaf variety Fuyou 9 under different planting ways ; Chla, photosynthetic efficiency and stomatal conductance of close-leaf variety Xianyu 335 were higher than loose-leaf variety Fuyou 9. All these characteristics were benefit to increase the efficiency of light energy conversion. Under wide and narrow row cultivation, the best density of Xianyu 335 was 67 500 plants/hm^2 and Fuyou 9 was 52 500 plants/hm^2, which could keep the highest yield of 11 485.63kg/hm^2 and 10 941.03kg/hm^2 ,respectively.

关 键 词：旱地 春玉米 宽窄行种植 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]