兔早期激素性股骨头缺血性坏死模型建立及其MRI与病理特征研究  

MODEL ESTABLISHMENT,MRI AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EARLY STEROID-INDUCED AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF FEMORAL HEAD IN RABBIT

作　　者：张立岩[1] 孙新[2] 田丹[2] 徐睿[1] 雷昊[1] 艾津辉 赵博[1] 陈继营[3] 柴伟[3] 马守成[4] 刘伟佳[4] 申斯原[4] 

机构地区：[1]北华大学附属医院骨外1科,吉林吉林132001 [2]北华大学生命科学研究中心 [3]解放军总医院骨科 [4]吉林中西医结合医院磁共振科

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2015年第10期1240-1243,共4页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81301564);全军医学科技青年培养项目(13QNP184);吉林省教育厅"十二五"科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字[2015]第141号);吉林省科技厅项目(20130624003JC);吉林省大学生创新创业训练计划(201410201057);吉林市科技项目(201536048)~~

摘　　要：目的 探讨兔早期激素性股骨头缺血性坏死模型建立方法，应用MRI和病理学检查评价其有效性。 方法 取6月龄家兔20只，体质量2-3 kg，随机分为实验组和对照组，每组10只。实验组动物于双侧臀肌交替注射地塞米松磷酸钠注射液（10 mg/kg），每3天注射1次，共14次；对照组于双侧臀肌注射等量生理盐水（10 mg/ kg）。造模期间观察动物一般情况；6周后行股骨头MRI检查及大体、组织学观察。 结果 对照组动物未出现明显脱毛、食量及运动改变；实验组动物第6周出现脱毛加重，食量减少，轻微跛行。MRI检查示，对照组双侧股骨头形态规则，股骨头内未见异常信号；实验组双侧股骨头形态欠规则，股骨头内可见斑片状不规则异常信号，软骨下骨坏死、囊变，骨小梁稀疏。冠状面剖开股骨头后大体观察，对照组股骨头软骨面平整、光滑，股骨头剖面呈红色；实验组股骨头软骨表面失去光泽、变薄，可见片状软骨下出血、坏死，股骨头剖面呈浅红色。组织学观察示，对照组股骨头内骨小梁粗大，骨陷窝内骨细胞形态正常；实验组骨小梁变细和稀疏，部分断裂，骨细胞核固缩，空骨陷窝明显增多。对照组和实验组空骨陷窝率分别为8.0%±0.5%和49.0%±0.3%，比较差异有统计学意义（t=21.940，P=0.000）。 结论 经短期、冲击、大剂量给予地塞米松成功构建兔早期激素性股骨头缺血性坏死模型，可通过MRI及病理学检查对模型进行有效评价。Objective To establish an rabbit model of early steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head （SANFH） and evaluate its validity with MRI and pathological examination. Methods Twenty 6-month-old rabbits （weighing, 2-3 kg） were randomly divided into 2 groups （control group and model group）, 10 rabbits in each group. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate solution （10 mg/kg） was injected into bilateral gluteus in model group, and the same amount of saline was injected in control group, every 3 days for 14 times. General observation was done after modelling. Osteonecrosis was verified by pathological observation and MRI findings at 6 weeks. Results After 6 weeks, rabbits did not show obvious changes in control group; increased hair removal, decreased food intake, and slight limp were observed in model group. The MRI results showed normal shape of the bilateral femoral head and no abnormal signals in control group; irregular shape of the bilateral femoral head and a slice of irregular abnormal signals were observed, and necrosis and cystolization of the subchondral bone and sparse changes of trabecular bone were shown in model group. General observation from coronal section of femoral head showed smooth red cartilage surface in control group; on the contrary, the cartilage surface of the femoral head became dull, thin even visible hemorrhage under articular cartilage and necrosis of the femoral head were observed. The histopathological examination indicated that trabecular bone of the femoral head in control group was massive, thick, and close, and osteocytes in the bone lacunae had normal shapes. The osseous trabecular became thinner and broken; karyopyknosis of osteocytes and bone empty lacunae could be obviously seen in model group. The rates of empty lacunae were 8.0%±0.5% in control group and 49.0%±0.3% in model group, showing significant difference （t=21.940, P=0.000）. Conclusion Establishing a model of early SANFH through injecting short-term, shock, and high dose of dexamethasone, and it

关 键 词：激素性股骨头缺血性坏死 MRI 病理学检查 动物模型 兔 

分 类 号：R681.8[医药卫生—骨科学] R445.2[医药卫生—外科学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]