花青素合成途径中分子调控机制的研究进展  

Research progress on the molecular regulation mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway

作　　者：李莹[1,2] 高振蕊[1,2] 张驰[1,2] 李楠[1,2] 刘琛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京1100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第10期2937-2942,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31401462)资助

摘　　要：花青素是广泛存在于植物中的天然水溶性色素。植物不同物种中花青素生物合成代谢途径的遗传特性和调控机制决定了该物种的花色。目前花青素生物合成途径的研究已清晰透彻。花青素合成途径的调控主要发生在结构基因的转录水平上,受多种转录因子的调控。研究发现,对花青素代谢途径中结构基因起调控作用的重要转录因子,主要包括WD40重复蛋白、b HLH蛋白和R2R3-MYB蛋白,这些转录因子之间的结合及其相互作用决定结构基因的表达。本文着重介绍花青素生物合成途径的分子调控机制,即转录因子通过形成三聚体复合物,与结构基因的启动子结合来调控结构基因的表达,并概述其在花色改造基因工程及定向改变花青素含量中的应用。Anthocyanin is a natural water-soluble pigment which widely exists in plants. Flower color is determined by the inherited characteristics and regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin bio- synthesis pathway. In recent years, the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway has been revealed clear- ly. The structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway are mainly regulated by some tran- scription factors at transcription levels. Recent researches show that some important transcription factors that regulate the structure genes in anthocyanins metabolic pathway mainly include WD40 repeat proteins, bHLH proteins and R2R3 MYB proteins. The combinations and interactions be- tween these transcription factors determine the expression of structure genes. In this review, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis is discussed. Transcription factors form trimer complex and combine with the promoter of structural genes to regulate its expression. We also summarize the application of the molecular mechanisms in flower color modification and anthocya- nin content improvement.

关 键 词：三聚体复合物 MYB蛋白 花色改造 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]